Space Correlations of 35‐GHz Transmissions Over a 28‐km Path

Lee, R. W.; Waterman, Alan T.

doi:10.1002/rds196832135

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…1 Spaced line-of-sight cross-correlation techniques (Lee and Waterman, 1968) 2 Multi-station Doppler radar, using chaff (Lhermitte, 1969) 3 Single station Doppler radar, using chaff (Lhermitte, 1969) 4 Passive multi-frequency and/or multi-angle scan of O2 absorption at ~ 5 mm (Snider, 1972) 5 Hybrid acoustic-radio (RASS) echo sounding (Marshall, Peterson and Barnes, 1972) 6 Line-of-sight time-of-flight measurements of integrated refractivity (Bean et al, 1969) 7…”

Section: F(t)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of the troposphere

Zissis¹

1974

Remote Sensing of Environment

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Section: F(t)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of the troposphere

Zissis¹

1974

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…Note: The parentheses are used to denote that system performance will be degraded by enhanced ambient noise level if the precipitation is in the form of rain or hail. 1 Spaced line-of-sight cross-correlation techniques (Lee and Waterman, 1968).…”

Section: Radio Remote Sensing Of the Tropospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Remote Sensing of the Troposphere

Little¹

1972

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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This paper attempts to summarize the status of remote sensing of the troposphere. It opens with a statement of the need for remote sensing and identifies the potential advantages inherent to such techniques. The main material is in the form of a series of tables which identify the stage of development of each method (acoustic, radio, or optical) for the measurement of the different meteorological parameters relevant to the troposphere. The tables are used to differentiate between those capabilities which as yet are limited to the boundary layer, and those applicable to the full height range of the troposphere; and also between those techniques which are limited to clear air as opposed to those which can operate in the presence of cloud particles and/or precipitation. Examples of the current capabilities of various active and passive acoustic, optical, and radio remote sensing systems are presented in the form of figures, primarily from the work of the Wave Propagation Laboratory. The role of remote sensing in the troposphereAs the size and complexity of our society increases, the number and complexity of its interactions with our atmospheric environment grows. As a result, the economic costs to commerce, transport, communications, and agriculture of natural disasters such as blizzards, ice storms, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, droughts, etc., increase year by year. This growing sensitivity to weather conditions has, of course, led to a greatly expanded need for atmospheric information and forecasts of many different types, for many different purposes.The attainable quality and scope of an environmental information or forecasting service is determined by the nature of the observational data set on which it is based -and especially by the density in time and space of the relevant observations. Thus, the present meteorological observing system of ground-released radiosondes and satellite measurements is well matched to synoptic-scale weather patterns, i.e., to space scales of the order 1000 km and time scales (at one location) of the order one or two days. But recent analyses of national needs for improved weather services show that these needs lie primarily in the area of short-term local weather forecasts, e.g., forecasts for a local area 1 to 100 km in size, for time periods ranging from 0 to 6 hours. These improved short-term local weather forecasts inevitably will require a much denser array of meteorological data than is currently available from the present observational networks. The required increase in space-time density of relevant observations is huge-at least four orders of magnitude relative to the twice-per-day, 500-km horizontal spacing of the upper air radiosonde observing system. Cost estimates indicate that it is totally impracticable to achieve this desired increase in density of observations by mere expansion of the existing radiosonde network. Satellite remote sensing of meteorological conditions is, of course, already playing a very important role; however, because of the great need f...

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“…'Αντίθετα οί νοργές μεταβολές, πού οφείλονται στις άνομοιογένειες τοΰ δείκτη διάθλασης λόγω τυρβώδους κατάστασης τοΰ μέσου, μπορούν νά λάβουν υψηλές τιμές. 'Ενδεικτικά αναφέρουμε τις ακόλουθες τιμές μετα βολής (από κορυφή σέ κορυφή) τοΰ πλάτους του σήματος εξόδου μικροκυματικοϋ δικτύου γιά διάφορες συχνότητες, οπως αναφέρονται στή βιβλιο γραφία: 4 db νιά δίκτυο 94 GHz και διαδρομή 18.95 km, δηλαδή περίπου 0.21 db/km (Etcheverry et al 1967), lOdb• γιά δίκτυο 35 GHz και διαδρο μή 28km, δηλαδή 0.36 db/km (Lee and Waterman 1968) και 7db νιά δίκτυο 110 GHz και διαδρομή 4.1km, δηλαδή 1.71 db/km (Mavrokoukoulakis et al 1977). Οί παραπάνω τιμές αντιστοιχούν σέ συνθήκες καθαρής ατμόσφαιρας.…”

Section: γενικάunclassified

“…Στή συνέχεια μεγάλος αριθμός έρευνητών> προσπάθησε νά επαλη θεύσει πειραματικά, τή σχέση πού συνδέει τίς μετα3ολές τοϋ πλάτους τοϋ λαμβανομένου ηλεκτρομαγνητικού κύματος, μέ τίς παραμέτρους της τυρβώ δους ατμοσφαιρικής κατάστασης (Lane 1968), (Janes et al 1970), . Παράλληλα πολλοί ερευνητές προσπάθησαν νά εκμεταλλευθούν αντίστροφα τίς πληροφορίες των διακυμάνσεων ενός δικτύου, γιά νά υπο λογίσουν ατμοσφαιρικές παραμέτρους του μέσου διάδοσης (Beard et al 1969), ( Lee and Waterman 1968), (Ho et al 1978 β). "Αλλοι πάλι θεω ρητικοί ερευνητές, οδηγήθηκαν στή γενίκευση της ανάλυσης τοϋ Tatarski (πού αρχικά αναφέρεται στις οπτικές συχνότητες), στή περιοχή συχνοτή των των μικροκυμάτων (Clifford and Strohbehn 1970), .…”

Section: γενικάunclassified

Συμβολη Στη Μελετη Της Διαδοσης Μικροκυματων Μεσα Σε Τυρβωδη Ατμοσφαιρα - Ηλεκτρονικος Ανιχνευτης Ατμοσφαιρικων Αναταραξεων

Helmis¹,

Χέλμης²

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Space Correlations of 35‐GHz Transmissions Over a 28‐km Path

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Remote sensing of the troposphere

Remote sensing of the troposphere

Status of Remote Sensing of the Troposphere

Συμβολη Στη Μελετη Της Διαδοσης Μικροκυματων Μεσα Σε Τυρβωδη Ατμοσφαιρα - Ηλεκτρονικος Ανιχνευτης Ατμοσφαιρικων Αναταραξεων

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