Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Solids

Rose, Albert

doi:10.1103/physrev.97.1538

Cited by 1,638 publications

(774 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The inset reveals that the EQE measured at = 590 nm follows a V 2 power law dependence with bias. This is consistent with space charge limited conduction in the ideal case of a trap-free low-mobility semiconductor, first described by Rose 18 and Lampert 19 and often utilized in the analysis of charge transport in organic thin films.…”

Section: -supporting

confidence: 61%

Lateral heterojunction photodetector consisting of molecular organic and colloidal quantum dot thin films

Osedach

Geyer

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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We demonstrate a heterojunction photodetector of lateral geometry that utilizes an evaporated film of the hole-transporting molecular material N , NЈ-bis͑3-methylphenyl͒-N , NЈ-bis͑phenyl͒-9,9-spirobifluorene ͑spiro-TPD͒ as a charge transport layer and that is sensitized across visible wavelengths by a thin film of colloidal CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots ͑QDs͒. High photon-to-electron quantum conversion efficiencies are obtained at room temperature as a result of photoconductive gain. With an electric field of 3.0ϫ 10 5 V / cm applied across the electrodes, we measure the external quantum efficiency at the first QD absorption peak ͑at wavelength = 590 nm͒ to be 13%, corresponding to an internal quantum efficiency of approximately 80%. The operating mechanism of these devices is discussed, noting that the optical response is dominated by the QD absorption spectrum while the charge transport nearly exclusively takes place in the spiro-TPD.

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Section: -supporting

confidence: 61%

Lateral heterojunction photodetector consisting of molecular organic and colloidal quantum dot thin films

Osedach

Geyer

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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“…At 30 °C the polymers revealed a characteristic pattern with reflections being distributed in the equatorial and meridional planes. 30 However, significant differences in intensity and position of the reflections were evident for both systems. The positions of the reflections of BFR2 and BFS3 in the equatorial small-angle and wide-angle region are similar (Figures 2a,b and S7).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The measured current density/voltage (J-V) characteristics were then fitted by using the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) model. 30 At a typical electric field of 10 5 V cm -1 (corresponding to an applied voltage of 1 V to a 100 nm neat polymer device), the observed occurrence of a SCLC enabled a direct estimate of the hole mobility of 2.3×10 -5 , 2.0×10 -4 , and 1.5×10 -3 cm 2 V -1 s -1 for BFR2, BFS3 and BFS4, respectively ( Figure S9). At a high voltage of 5 V, BFS4 also exhibited a field-dependent electron mobility 31 of 7.5×10 -4 cm 2 V -1 s -1 (at 5×10 5 V cm −1 , Figure S10).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored Donor–Acceptor Polymers with an A–D1–A–D2 Structure: Controlling Intermolecular Interactions to Enable Enhanced Polymer Photovoltaic Devices

et al. 2014

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Extensive efforts have been made to develop novel conjugated polymers that give improved performance in organic photovoltaic devices. The use of polymers based on alternating electron-donating and electron-accepting units not only allows the frontier molecular orbitals to be tuned to maximize the open-circuit voltage of the devices but also controls the optical band gap to increase the number of photons absorbed and thus modifies the other critical device parameterthe short circuit current. In fact, varying the nonchromophoric components of a polymer is often secondary to the efforts to adjust the intermolecular aggregates and improve the charge-carrier mobility. Here, we introduce an approach to polymer synthesis that facilitates simultaneous control over both the structural and electronic properties of the polymers. Through the use of a tailored multicomponent acceptor−donor−acceptor (A−D−A) intermediate, polymers with the unique structure A−D1−A−D2 can be prepared. This approach enables variations in the donor fragment substituents such that control over both the polymer regiochemistry and solubility is possible. This control results in improved intermolecular π-stacking interactions and therefore enhanced charge-carrier mobility. Solar cells using the A−D1−A−D2 structural polymer show shortcircuit current densities that are twice that of the simple, random analogue while still maintaining an identical open-circuit voltage. The key finding of this work is that polymers with an A−D1−A−D2 structure offer significant performance benefits over both regioregular and random A−D polymers. The chemical synthesis approach that enables the preparation of A−D1−A−D2 polymers therefore represents a promising new route to materials for high-efficiency organic photovoltaic devices.

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“…Below a dose of 2ϫ10 14 cm Ϫ2 , the conduction mechanism is space charge limited, 22 as inferred from the thickness scaling law (JϰV 2 /d 3 ). Above a dose of 6ϫ10 15 cm Ϫ2 , a linear ln J/E versus E 1/2 relationship is obtained, consistent with Poole-Frenkel conduction.…”

Section: Rapid Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron delocalization in amorphous carbon by ion implantation

et al. 2001

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The electrical properties of amorphous carbon are governed by the high localization of the sp 2 states, and conventional methods of altering the sp 2 content result in macroscopic graphitization. By using ion beams we have achieved a delocalization of the states by introducing nanoclustering and hence improving the connectivity between existing clusters, as demonstrated by the increase in the conductivity by two orders of magnitude without modification of the band gap. At higher doses, paramagnetic relaxation-time measurements indicate that exchange effects are present. This unveils the possibility of amorphous carbon-based electronics by tailoring the ion-beam conditions, which we demonstrate in the form of a rectifying device.

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Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Solids

Cited by 1,638 publications

References 6 publications

Lateral heterojunction photodetector consisting of molecular organic and colloidal quantum dot thin films

Lateral heterojunction photodetector consisting of molecular organic and colloidal quantum dot thin films

Tailored Donor–Acceptor Polymers with an A–D1–A–D2 Structure: Controlling Intermolecular Interactions to Enable Enhanced Polymer Photovoltaic Devices

Electron delocalization in amorphous carbon by ion implantation

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