Soyfood consumption and risk of glycosuria: a cross-sectional study within the Shanghai Women's Health Study

Abstract

Objective: To assess the association between soyfood intake and risk of glycosuria. Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among participants of the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a population-based cohort study of women aged 40-70 y. Information on usual intake of soyfoods was obtained at baseline survey through an in-person interview using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Included in this study were 39,385 cohort members screened for diabetes at the baseline survey and free of previously diagnosed diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and cancer. There were 323 women who tested positive for urine glucose. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to measure the association between soyfood intake and glycosuria using unconditional logistic regression. Setting: Urban communities of Shanghai, China. Results: Overall, soyfood intake was not related to the risk of glycosuria. Among postmenopausal women, however, intake of tofu and other soy products was inversely associated with risk of glycosuria after adjustment for potential confounders. The ORs across quintiles of intake were 1.0, 0.75 (95% CI ¼ 0.47-1.20), 0.79 (95% CI ¼ 0.51-1.25), 0.53 (95% CI ¼ 0.32-0.88), and 0.51 (95% CI ¼ 0.26-0.98; P for trend ¼ 0.05). Further analyses showed that the inverse association was primarily confined to postmenopausal women with a body mass index (BMI) of o25 kg/m 2 . The adjusted OR comparing the extreme quintiles was 0.36 (95% CI ¼ 0.13-0.97; P for trend ¼ 0.004). Conclusions: Soyfoods may play a role in the development of glycosuria, an important indicator of diabetes, among postmenopausal women with a low BMI.

Soy isoflavone supplementation and fasting serum glucose and lipid profile among postmenopausal Chinese women

“…A large-scale, cross-sectional study of Chinese women found that a higher intake of soy foods was associated with a lower risk of glycosuria among postmenopausal women with a low body mass index. 49 Our study has also noted an interaction effect between treatment groups and baseline FG. The largest differences in changes in FG between the intervention and placebo groups were noted among women with high baseline FG (9100 mg/dL).…”

Effect of soy protein isolate preload on postprandial glycemic control in healthy humans

“…Epidemiological studies indicated that habitual soy intake was inversely associated with diabetes risk [29,30]. Additionally, a cross-sectional study [31] reported that increased consumption of soy products decreased type 2 diabetes risk in overweight Japanese women; however, other studies have not detected a significant effect [32,33].…”

Inverse association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance in Japanese adults

“…The consumption of soya foods (tofu and other soya products) was previously associated with a significantly reduced prevalence of glycosuria in 39 385 Chinese women aged 40-70 years without diabetes, especially postmenopausal women with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 (15) . Nanri et al reported a significant correlation between soya products and daidzein intake and a reduced cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes among women with BMI > 25 kg/m 2 and postmenopausal women (16) .…”

“…A diet with soyanuts (12) and supplements with soya protein, fibre, isoflavone and other soya products improved glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes (13,14) . An inverse association between soya food intake and the prevalence of glycosuria was also reported in postmenopausal non-obese Chinese women (15) . Furthermore, a recent prospective study in Japan showed that higher intake of soya products and isoflavones was associated with a decreased odds ratio of diabetes among overweight or postmenopausal women (16) .…”