Soybean yield response to gypsum soil amendment, cover crop, and rotation

Raut, Y.; Shedekar, Vinayak S.; Islam, Khandakar Rafiq; Gonzalez, Javier M.; Watts, Dexter B.; Dick, Warren A.; Flanagan, D. C.; Fausey, Norman R.; Batte, Marvin T.; Reeder, Randall; VanToai, Tara T.

doi:10.1002/ael2.20020

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Application of gypsum and epsom significantly increased Mehlich-3 S levels, a result commonly reported in previous studies (Chaganti et al, 2019;Dash & Ghosh, 2012;Raut et al, 2020;Wang & Yang, 2018; Table 2). As expected, application of either gypsum or epsom (neutral salts) did not affect soil pH.…”

Section: Extractable Soil Nutrient Levels and Ca/mg Ratiossupporting

confidence: 86%

Base cation saturation ratios, soil health, and yield in organic field crops

et al. 2021

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Base cation saturation ratio (BCSR) is a soil management philosophy that postulates having an ideal ratio of base cations for maximizing crop yields. This practice is widely used on organic farms, and BCSR practitioners commonly describe improvements in soil health and crop productivity. However, studies evaluating the efficacy of BCSR on soil biological and physical properties are lacking. This 6-yr field study evaluated the effects of changing soil calcium/magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratios on organic corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields and comprehensive soil health properties at two sites in Ohio with contrasting soils. Three soil amendments-(a) control, (b) gypsum (calcium sulfate), and (c) epsom (magnesium sulfate)-were applied to drive soil Ca and Mg levels in opposite directions. Amendment application resulted in soil Ca/Mg ratios 1.6 and 2.5 times higher in gypsum soils relative to epsom soils. Soil biological health, measured by permanganate oxidizable carbon, mineralizable carbon, and soil protein, was not affected by either gypsum or epsom applications. Likewise, soil physical quality measured by aggregate stability, infiltration, and penetration resistance was not significantly affected by gypsum or epsom additions at either site. Amendment application did not affect crop yields and there was no significant relationship between crop yields and the range of soil Ca/Mg ratios. Results from this study do not provide any evidence that BCSR improves soil health and organic field crop productivity.

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Section: Extractable Soil Nutrient Levels and Ca/mg Ratiossupporting

confidence: 86%

Base cation saturation ratios, soil health, and yield in organic field crops

et al. 2021

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“…Gypsum water solubility is 2.1 g L −1 (Lee et al., 2007); thus, hypothetically, 10.7 cm of rain is required to dissolve 2.2 Mg gypsum ha −1 . The growing seasonal rainfall for ALA, IND, and OH‐N sites ranged from 29.1 to 107.2 cm (Raut et al., 2020). Thus, gypsum applied annually would likely be dissolved every year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gypsum also ameliorates soil acidity (Toma et al., 1999), reclaims sodic soils (Mao et al., 2016; Oster & Frenkel, 1980), reduces P in runoff water (Torbert & Watts, 2014), and improves soil health (Islam et al., 2021). However, gypsum may not always increase crop yields (Batte et al., 2018; Caires et al., 2011; Raut et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cropping systems in the United States. This cover crop has been shown to influence drainage and both positively and negatively affect soybean yields (Batte et al., 2018; Raut et al., 2020). Because cover crops uptake nutrients that otherwise may leave soils, there is a possibility that cover crops may uptake and sequester trace elements in biomass residues and thus make them less likely to leach or runoff from soil, or their uptake may transport micronutrients and trace metals from subsurface soil to the surface soil (Kraepiel et al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gypsum and cereal rye cover crops affect soil chemistry: Trace metals and plant nutrients

Gonzalez

Dick

Islam

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Worldwide food security is a pressing concern as population increases. Thus, there is a need to increase food production on existing farmland while improving soil health and water quality. We report the effect of two conservation practices, flue‐gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum (hereafter “gypsum”) soil amendment and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop, on soil chemistry. Emphasis was placed on extractability of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) and plant nutrients (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, P, and S). Research was conducted under no‐till management for 5 yr at four sites. Treatments consisted of annual gypsum soil surface application (0, 1.1, and 2.2 Mg ha–1), with and without cover crops, and two crop rotations [corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and continuous soybean]. Soils collected at 0‐to‐15‐ and 15‐to‐30‐cm depths from each treatment at the end of the 5‐yr study were microwave‐digested with 3:1 HNO3/HCl and analyzed for trace metals and nutrients. Gypsum chemical analysis indicated it did not provide trace metals that impair soil/water quality. However, it did provide Ca, S, and other nutrients supporting plant growth. Furthermore, gypsum and cereal rye winter cover crop, relative to the control and under the conditions of this study, did not increase extractability of most trace metals from soils. The cover crop, relative to the control, also significantly decreased P extractability, suggesting cereal rye immobilizes P, potentially decreasing off‐site transport to water bodies. Under the conditions of this study, gypsum and winter cover cereal rye did not increase extractable trace metals.

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“…Globally, interest is increasing in the role of gypsum and cover crops to enhance soil physical and chemical properties, including organic matter content, water infiltration, aggregate stability, nutrient retention, and microbial diversity, while decreasing runoff and erosion [10]. To this end, the principles of circular economy and sustainability can be promoted by directing efforts at creating a closed-loop system that enables the reuse, sharing, amending subsoils with the gypsum produced to minimize the use of resource inputs and the creation of waste, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.…”

Section: Soil Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gypsum amendment and seasonal variability: effect on soil quality, fruit characteristics and toxicological responses of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus l.) in the Ahafo-Kenyasi Mining Area of Ghana

Asante¹,

Abugri²,

Derkyi³

et al. 2021

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Depending on soil, climate and crop characteristics exposed subsoils can be amended with gypsum for agricultural activities when topsoil is inadequate as a result of natural and geophysical activities. To determine how exposed subsoil amendment with gypsum interact with weather patterns to influence soil chemical properties, cucumber growth, fruit characteristics and heavy metal concentration, a two-seasonal experiment was conducted in the major and minor rainy season of 2020 in the Ahafo-Kenyasi Mining Area in Ghana. The experiment was laid out as a 6x2 factorial arranged in randomized complete block design, consisting of 6 gypsum application rates (20 ton/ha, 40 ton/ha, 60 ton/ha, 80 ton/ha, 0 ton/ha (subsoil control) and 0 ton/ha (topsoil control)) in two rainy seasons and replicated three times. The results show that gypsum application and rainy seasons interact to significantly influence soil chemical properties, cucumber growth and fruit characteristics. Increasing gypsum application resulted in decreased organic carbon, increased calcium, increased available P, increased exchangeable magnesium (Mg), increased pH during both major and minor rainy seasons. Vine length, number of leaves, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight of cucumber were increased with increasing gypsum application during the minor rainy season. In spite of exceeding permissible limits in soils and crops, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) showed similar concentrations (below 2 mg/kg) in cucumber during the minor and major rainy seasons across gypsum treatments. Lead (Pb) concentration in cucumber was significantly higher in the major season across treatments. There was no difference in lead (Pb) concentration for treated vs untreated, and no increase across the amendment range. Further studies on how heavy metals in soil and plants interact with plant phytochemicals in ecosystems and living tissues are recommended.

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Soybean yield response to gypsum soil amendment, cover crop, and rotation

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Base cation saturation ratios, soil health, and yield in organic field crops

Base cation saturation ratios, soil health, and yield in organic field crops

Gypsum and cereal rye cover crops affect soil chemistry: Trace metals and plant nutrients

Gypsum amendment and seasonal variability: effect on soil quality, fruit characteristics and toxicological responses of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus l.) in the Ahafo-Kenyasi Mining Area of Ghana

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