Soybean secondary metabolites and flavors: The art of compromise among climate, natural enemies, and human culture

Ku, Yee-Shan; Ng, Ming‐Sin; Cheng, Sau‐Shan; Luk, Ching-Yee; Ludidi, Ndiko; Chung, Gyuhwa; Chen, Shwu-Pyng T.; Lam, Hon-Ming

doi:10.1016/bs.abr.2022.03.001

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Most of the secondary metabolites likely involved in off-flavor (e.g., lipid oxidation products, flavonoids, tannins, saponins) are required by plants for various functions, such as pigmentation, growth, reproduction, and resistance to pathogens. As such, they represent adaptive traits that have undergone natural selection during evolution ( Peter Constabel et al, 2014 ; Ku et al., 2022 ). The elimination of these secondary metabolites could cause a yield decrease.…”

Section: Prospects For the Development Of Faba Bean Ideotypes With Ne...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenge of breeding for reduced off-flavor in faba bean ingredients

Lippolis,

Roland,

Bocova

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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The growing interest in plant protein sources, such as pulses, is driven by the necessity for sustainable food production and climate change mitigation strategies. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a promising protein crop for temperate climates, owing to its remarkable yield potential (up to 8 tonnes ha−1 in favourable growing conditions) and high protein content (~29% dry matter basis). Nevertheless, the adoption of faba bean protein in plant-based products that aim to resemble animal-derived counterparts is hindered by its distinctive taste and aroma, regarded as “off-flavors”. In this review, we propose to introduce off-flavor as a trait in breeding programs by identifying molecules involved in sensory perception and defining key breeding targets. We discuss the role of lipid oxidation in producing volatile and non-volatile compounds responsible for the beany aroma and bitter taste, respectively. We further investigate the contribution of saponin, tannin, and other polyphenols to bitterness and astringency. To develop faba bean varieties with diminished off-flavors, we suggest targeting genes to reduce lipid oxidation, such as lipoxygenases (lox) and fatty acid desaturases (fad), and genes involved in phenylpropanoid and saponin biosynthesis, such as zero-tannin (zt), chalcone isomerase (chi), chalcone synthase (chs), β-amyrin (bas1). Additionally, we address potential challenges, including the need for high-throughput phenotyping and possible limitations that could arise during the genetic improvement process. The breeding approach can facilitate the use of faba bean protein in plant-based food such as meat and dairy analogues more extensively, fostering a transition toward more sustainable and climate-resilient diets.

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Section: Prospects For the Development Of Faba Bean Ideotypes With Ne...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenge of breeding for reduced off-flavor in faba bean ingredients

Lippolis,

Roland,

Bocova

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Widely targeted metabolic profiling provides insights into variations in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of sesame, soybean, peanut, and perilla

Kefale,

Segla Koffi Dossou,

et al. 2023

Food Research International

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Unlocking Potentially Therapeutic Phytochemicals in Capadulla (Doliocarpus dentatus) from Guyana Using Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics

Smith,

Lewis,

Narine

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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Doliocarpus dentatus is thought to have a wide variety of therapeutic phytochemicals that allegedly improve libido and cure impotence. Although a few biomarkers have been identified with potential antinociceptive and cytotoxic properties, an untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach has never been undertaken to identify therapeutic biofingerprints for conditions, such as erectile dysfunction, in men. This study executes a preliminary phytochemical screening of the woody vine of two ecotypes of D. dentatus with renowned differences in therapeutic potential for erectile dysfunction. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was used to screen for flavonoids, terpenoids, and other chemical classes found to contrast between red and white ecotypes. Among the metabolite chemodiversity found in the ecotype screens, using a combination of GNPS, MS-DIAL, and SIRIUS, approximately 847 compounds were annotated at levels 2 to 4, with the majority of compounds falling under lipid and lipid-like molecules, benzenoids and phenylpropanoids, and polyketides, indicative of the contributions of the flavonoid, shikimic acid, and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways. Despite the extensive annotation, we report on 138 tentative compound identifications of potentially therapeutic compounds, with 55 selected compounds at a level-2 annotation, and 22 statistically significant therapeutic biomarkers, the majority of which were polyphenols. Epicatechin methyl gallate, catechin gallate, and proanthocyanidin A2 had the greatest significant differences and were also relatively abundant among the red and white ecotypes. These putatively identified compounds reportedly act as antioxidants, neutralizing damaging free radicals, and lowering cell oxidative stress, thus aiding in potentially preventing cellular damage and promoting overall well-being, especially for treating erectile dysfunction (ED).

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Soybean secondary metabolites and flavors: The art of compromise among climate, natural enemies, and human culture

Cited by 3 publications

References 185 publications

The challenge of breeding for reduced off-flavor in faba bean ingredients

The challenge of breeding for reduced off-flavor in faba bean ingredients

Widely targeted metabolic profiling provides insights into variations in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of sesame, soybean, peanut, and perilla

Unlocking Potentially Therapeutic Phytochemicals in Capadulla (Doliocarpus dentatus) from Guyana Using Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics

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