Soybean peroxidase‐catalyzed treatment and removal of BPA and bisphenol derivatives from aqueous solutions

Abstract

The systematic studies were carried out to determine the optimum process parameters, such as the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) concentration, concentration and molar mass of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as an additive, pH value, temperature, and enzyme dose for treatment of bisphenol A (BPA) with soybean peroxidase (SBP). The SBP-catalyzed treatment of BPA was effectively enhanced by adding PEG in the presence of H 2 O 2 . BPA was completely treated by SBP of 0.50 U/cm 3 and water-insoluble oligomers were generated. The optimum conditions for SBP-catalyzed treatment of BPA at 0.3 mM were determined to be 0.3 mM of H 2 O 2 and 0.10 mg/cm 3 of PEG with molar mass of 1.0 3 10 4 g/mol in a pH 7.0 buffer at 308C. A variety of bisphenol derivatives were completely or effectively treated by SBP under the optimum conditions determined for treatment of BPA, although the SBP dose was further increased as necessary for some of them. The aggregation of water-insoluble oligomers generated was enhanced by decreasing the pH values of the solutions to 4.0 with HCl after the enzymatic treatment, and BPA and bisphenol derivatives were removed from aqueous solutions by filtering off the oligomer precipitates.

Enzyme Initiated Radical Polymerizations

“…Likewise halophenols [178][179][180][181][182] bisphenol A, [183][184][185] various hormones and so-called endocrine disrupting compounds [186][187][188] or even TNT [189,190] have been reported. Non-phenolic compounds may be ‗inactivated' using the LMS or PMS strategy [36,[191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198].…”

Removal of bisphenol derivatives through quinone oxidation by polyphenol oxidase and subsequent quinone adsorption on chitosan in the heterogeneous system

“…Peroxidases derived from horseradish [35] and soy bean [36] can catalyse the radicalization of BPA and its derivatives only in the presence of H 2 O 2 and water-insoluble oligomers are generated. In addition, tyrosinase-catalysed quinone oxidation of BPA gently increased in the absence of H 2 O 2 and the addition of H 2 O 2 promoted quinone oxidation of BPA.…”

“…Then, a solution of precisely 20 mm 3 was injected into the HPLC system through a microsyringe and the absorption spectra were measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of each bisphenol derivative. Since a good linear relationship was obtained between the molar concentration and the peak area for each bisphenol derivative, the conversion was estimated from the peak areas before the enzymatic reaction and at time t. [35][36][37][38] UV-visible spectrum measurements for chitosan/quinone reaction A chitosan film was prepared from chitosan powder according to our previous article. [37][38][39] The chitosan films were incubated in the bisphenol derivative solutions containing PPO for 10-30 min.…”

“…Then, phenoxy radicals are spontaneously coupled into water-insoluble oligomers, aggregates of which have little solubility in water and tend to settle down quite readily. [35,36] Alternatively, we published the article that quinone oxidation of BPA by mushroom tyrosinase was accelerated by addition of H 2 O 2 . BPA and its derivatives were successfully removed from aqueous medium through enzymatic quinone oxidation and non-enzymatic quinone adsorption on chitosan beads.…”

Immobilization of laccase onto modified PU/RC nanofiber via atom transfer radical polymerization method and application in removal of bisphenol A

“…Among these compounds, bisphenol A (BPA) (2,2‐bis (4‐hydroxyphenyl) propane), which is widely used in the production of plastics , has been identified as an endocrine disrupting chemicals by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF) and has been declared as a social, environmental and global issue . This has made BPA contamination in the environment of a great worldwide concern , hence, methods to efficiently remove BPA from the environment are urgently required .…”