Soybean Maturity Groups, Environments, and Their Interaction Define Mega‐environments for Seed Composition in Argentina

Abstract

Argentina is the largest soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] meal and oil exporter in the world, with crops covering a 23°to 39°S latitude range, allowing the presence of genotypes from different maturity groups (MG). Multi-environment yield trials (MET) for commercial cultivars are conducted each year across the crop area. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the consistency of MG effects and its interaction with environments (E), first to investigate if different mega-environments (ME) for oil, protein, and oil 1 protein exist in Argentina, and second to identify superior MG regarding these traits. We analyzed a 3-yr series of oil and protein data from MET involving six MG and more than 14 E per year. Statistical analysis was based on ANOVA and graphical displays from E-centered biplots to explore MG-related effects and to identify ME. No ME were identified for oil content because of MG II, III, and IV showed higher content than other groups in every E. Two or three ME (depending on the growing season) were identified for protein and oil 1 protein contents; in one of them MG VI cultivars had the highest value of these compounds whereas in the other set of E, higher yielding cultivars were from MG II-III. The oil variations among E depended mainly on MG effects suggesting broad adaptations of short MG, whereas MG 3 E interaction effects for protein and oil 1 protein were higher than for oil, and enough to create opportunities for handling environment-specific adaptations.

Diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) of soybean seed oil content

“…(Urano et al, 2007) or on seed oil (Maestri et al, 1998;Bonato et al, 2000;Chung et al, 2003;Fasoula et al, 2004;Albrecht et al, 2008;Bellaloui et al, 2009). On the other hand, the results were lower than the oil content range of 17.2 to 28.5 % reported by Dardanelli et al (2006), since in this last study some of the analyzed cultivars were from soybean maturity groups with higher oil content yield.…”

Size, chlorophyll retention and protein and oil contents of grains from soybean plants grown in different spatial arrangements

“…The protein content difference among grains classified by 12 × 3/4" and 16 × 3/4" sieves was approximately 2%, which is a significant value for protein meal production for animal feeds. Oil content was not affected by the evaluated experimental factors, thus, it appears that this is a variable that is little affected by environmental conditions (DARDANELLI et al, 2006;GAO et al, 2009;MAEHLER et al, 2003). …”

Soybean Seed Protein, Oil, Fatty Acids, and Isoflavones Altered by Potassium Fertilizer Rates in the Midsouth

“…The different concentrations of seed constituents among years in both locations reflected the effect of environmental factors on seed composition constituents. It was reported that seed constituents were affected by environment [16,17,40], temperature [17,18], drought [19,21,22,40], and nutrients in soil and seed [3][4][5]. It was reported that seed constituents vary in the same soybean cultivar grown in different years or under different environments in the same year [26].…”

“…However, seed composition have also shown to be affected by environment [16,17], genotype, maturity, diseases [18][19][20], temperature [17,18] and drought [19,21,22], nutrients in soil and seed [23][24][25], and planting date [26,27]. For example, it was reported that [26] seed composition varied in the same cultivar grown in different years or under different environments in the same year, and seed protein concentration increased as planting was delayed.…”