Soya food intake and risk of endometrial cancer among Chinese women in Shanghai: population based case-control study

Wang, Xu; Wang, Zheng; Xiang, Yong Bing; Ruan, Zhi; Cheng, Jia; Dai, Qi; Gao, Yu Tang; Shu, Xiao Ou

doi:10.1136/bmj.38093.646215.ae

Cited by 96 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…An association of soyfood with endometrial cancer has been previously reported (Xu et al, 2004). Soyfood was, therefore, not included as an independent food group in the subsequent food group analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case–control study in Shanghai of fruit and vegetable intake and endometrial cancer

Tao

Wang

et al. 2005

Br J Cancer

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In a population-based case -control study of 832 incident endometrial cancer cases and 846 frequency-matched controls among Chinese women in Shanghai, using a validated food-frequency questionnaire, dietary habits were estimated by in-person interviews. Total vegetable consumption was inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk (highest quartile vs lowest: OR ¼ 0.69, 95% CI 0.50 -0.96). The risk was reduced with increasing intake of dark green/dark yellow vegetables (trend test, P ¼ 0.02), fresh legumes (trend test, Po0.01), and allium vegetables (trend test, P ¼ 0.04). Fruit consumption was unrelated to risk. These results suggest that high consumption of certain vegetables may reduce the risk of endometrial cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case–control study in Shanghai of fruit and vegetable intake and endometrial cancer

Tao

Wang

et al. 2005

Br J Cancer

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“…29 This study also reported a significant inverse association with intake of isoflavones, the other major group of phytoestrogens in the human diet, with an OR of 0.59 (95% CI 5 0.37-0.93) for the highest versus lowest quartile, a result in agreement with 2 casecontrol studies that examined the association of intake of soy, the main source of isoflavones, with endometrial cancer risk. 30,31 In our analyses adjusted for body mass index, ORs among preand postmenopausal women appeared to diverge, with ORs below 1 in premenopausal women and above 1 in postmenopausal women. However, our a priori hypothesis was that a protective effect would be observed in both pre-and postmenopausal women, the test for trend was not significant in either menopausal group, nor was the test of interaction by menopausal status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte

Lundin

Micheli

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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It has been suggested that phytoestrogens protect against hormone-dependent cancers. Lignans are the main class of phytoestrogens in Western diets. We conducted a prospective study of endometrial cancer and circulating levels of the main human lignan, enterolactone. The design was a case-control study nested within 3 prospective cohort studies, in New York, Sweden and Italy. Serum or plasma samples had been collected at enrollment and stored at 280°C. A total of 153 cases, diagnosed a median of 5.3 years after blood donation, and 271 matched controls were included. No difference in circulating enterolactone was observed between cases (median, 19.2 nmol/L) and controls (18.5 nmol/L). Adjusting for body mass index, the odds ratio for the top tertile of enterolactone, as compared to the lowest was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.7-2.0; p for trend 5 0.53). Lack of association was observed in both pre-and postmenopausal women. No correlation was observed between enterolactone and circulating estrogens or SHBG in healthy postmenopausal women. These results do not support a protective role of circulating lignans, in the range of levels observed, against endometrial cancer. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: endometrial cancer; prospective study; nested casecontrol study; enterolactone; lignan; phytoestrogen It has been suggested that phytoestrogens (estrogenic compounds of plant origin) protect against hormone-dependent cancers. Estrogen-related mechanisms that have been proposed include competitive binding with estrogen receptors (ERs), resulting in an overall anti-estrogenic effect when estrogen concentrations are high because of the weak estrogenic potency of phytoestrogens as compared to estradiol; inhibition of aromatase (the enzyme responsible for the peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogens); and stimulation of the production of SHBG, resulting in reduced circulating free estradiol. [1][2][3][4][5] Phytoestrogens have also been reported to have antioxidant and antiproliferative properties which provide additional pathways through which they may reduce cancer risk. 6,7 The 2 main groups of phytoestrogens found in humans, the isoflavonoids and the lignans, are formed in the intestinal tract by transformation of plant precursors (isoflavone glycosides and plant lignans) by the microflora. Soy and soy products are the main sources of isoflavones, whereas lignans are found in oilseeds, in particular flaxseed, whole grain products, nuts, berries, legumes and some vegetables and fruits. 6,[8][9][10] Historically, lignans have been the main group of phytoestrogens in Western-type diets.Endometrial cancer is of particular interest when studying exposures thought to act through estrogen-related mechanisms because of the strong, direct association of both exogenous estrogens, such as estrogen replacement therapy, 11 and endogenous estrogens 12,13 with risk. We measured circulating enterolactone levels in subjects from a case-control study of endometrial cancer nested within 3 cohorts, the New York University Women's Health Study (...

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“…There is growing evidence from epidemiological and case-control studies that higher intake of plant flavonoids reduces the risk of chronic diseases including cancer (70,71). In contrast, consumption of flavonoid-free diets by healthy human volunteers has been reported to lead to a decrease in markers of oxidative stress in blood viz.…”

Section: Apigenin and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

Patel

Shukla²,

Gupta³

2007

Int J Oncol

311

362

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Abstract. Cancer is one of the major public health burdens in the United States and in other developed countries, causing approximately 7 million deaths every year worldwide. Cancer rates vary dramatically in different regions and populations around the globe, especially between developing and developed nations. Changes in cancer prevalence patterns occur within regions as their populations age or become progressively urbanized. Migration has also contributed to such variations as changes in dietary habits influence cancer rates. These epidemiologic findings strongly suggest that cancer rates are influenced by environmental factors including diet, which is largely preventable. Approaches to prevent cancer include overlapping strategies viz. chemoprevention or dietary cancer prevention. Chemoprevention aims at prevention or reversal of the initiation phase of carcinogenesis or arrest at progression of carcinogenesis through the administration of naturally occurring constituents or pharmacological agents. Cancer prevention through diet may be largely achievable by increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Considerable attention has been devoted to identifying plant-derived dietary agents which could be developed as promising chemopreventives. One such agent is apigenin. A naturally occurring plant flavone (4', 5, 7,-trihydroxyflavone) abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables including parsley, onions, oranges, tea, chamomile, wheat sprouts and some seasonings. Apigenin has been shown to possess remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in studying the biological effects of apigenin at cellular and molecular levels. This review examines the cancer chemopreventive effects of apigenin in an organ-specificity format, evaluating its limitations and its considerable potential for development as a cancer chemopreventive agent.

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Soya food intake and risk of endometrial cancer among Chinese women in Shanghai: population based case-control study

Cited by 96 publications

References 23 publications

A case–control study in Shanghai of fruit and vegetable intake and endometrial cancer

A case–control study in Shanghai of fruit and vegetable intake and endometrial cancer

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

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