Soy-based, tannin-modified plywood adhesives

Engineering Composites Made from Wood and Chicken Feather Bonded with UF Resin Fortified with Wollastonite: A Novel Approach

“…Under this frame, wollastonite (as a silicate mineral, CaSiO 3 ) was found to improve the biological and physicomechanical properties of both solid wood and wood based panels, as well as to improve the fire retardancy and to increase thermal conductivity coefficient in medium-density fiberboards (MDF) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], therefore, the first aim of the present study was to find out possible effects that wollastonite may have on physical and mechanical properties of two engineering wood composites, namely medium-density fiberboards and particleboards. Based on potential positive results of the addition of wollastonite on properties of composite panels in the present study, future studies on decreasing urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin content, or even using an eco-friendly resin within a green framework, would be predictable and should be carried out, similar to what was previously achieved by the application of tannin in wood-composite panels [27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

“…It is reported by the Ministry of Agriculture of Iran that the production of chicken feathers in 2012 was about 80,000 metric tons; this figure corresponds to a manufacture of approximately 20 million composite panels by incorporating 5% feather content in to the wood furnishes. It also has to be mentioned that two million metric tons of chicken feathers are produced annually in the United States [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] whereas a figure of 3.1 million tons of feather waste is reported for the European Union [34][35][36]. Nowadays, high amounts of chicken feathers are disposed of in landfills and only a very small portion are converted into low-nutritional-value animal food [34][35][36].…”

Mussel‐inspired bio‐based water‐resistant soy adhesives with low‐cost dopamine analogue‐modified silkworm silk Fiber

“…For PSF, a broad overlapped band around 3278 cm −1 can be attributed to catechol ─OH/N─H group stretching as the PSF became broader and blunter in comparison to SF, probably due to hydrogen bonding between the polydopamine and SF . A new peak at 1320 cm −1 appeared in the TSF spectra, which belongs to the C─O of aromatic nucleus stretching vibration in tannic acid …”

“…50 A new peak at 1320 cm −1 appeared in the TSF spectra, which belongs to the C─O of aromatic nucleus stretching vibration in tannic acid. 33 We also examined the thermal properties of SF and modified SF via TG analysis, as shown in Figure 2(b). The residual mass of SF increased from 28.54 to 31.64% and 33.41% referring to PSF and TSF, respectively, which can be attributed to the deposition of dopamine and tannic acid; it decreased from 28.54 to 28.26% corresponding to LSF.…”

“…7 Previous research has proven that tannic acid can generate multiple reactions with soy protein via electrostatic bonding, hydrogen bonding, and covalent bonding. 32,33 In a previous study conducted by our research group, tannic acid was used to coat kenaf fiber to improve the reactive activity of the crosslinking structure and (slightly) enhance the wet shear strength of a soy-based adhesive. 34,35 Alkali lignin, the main component of the black liquor from alkaline pulping (including caustic soda and sulfate processes), is also an abundant, cheap, and renewable bioresource.…”