Sowing time affects the abundance of pests and weeds in winter rye

Huusela-Veistola, Erja; Jalli, Heikki; Salonen, Jukka T.; Pahkala, Katri; Laine, Antti

doi:10.2137/145960606777245542

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…First, sowing time of crops is a critical factor and the trend towards more autumn‐sown crops (Hald, 1999a ) suggests an increasing importance of winter annuals and germination generalists and a declining importance of summer annuals. Even the precise sowing date can be important for the weed flora developing (Huusela‐Veistola et al., 2006 ; Milberg et al., 2001 ). We hypothesize that winter annuals and germination generalists that have germinated in the autumn are particularly important for the early flight of social and solitary bees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollinator activity and flowering in agricultural weeds in Sweden

Milberg,

Franzen,

Karpaty Wickbom

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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The extent to which weeds in arable land are useful to pollinators depends in part on the temporal pattern of flowering and insect flight activity. We compiled citizen science data on 54 bees and hoverflies typical of agricultural areas in southern Sweden, as well as 24 flowering weed species classified as pollinator‐friendly in the sense that they provide nectar and/or pollen to pollinators. The flight periods of the bees and hoverflies varied greatly, but there were also some consistent differences between the four groups studied. The first group to fly were the early flying solitary bees (7 species), followed by the social bees (18 species). In contrast, other solitary bees (11 species) and hoverflies (22 species) flew later in the summer. Solitary bees had the shortest flight periods, while social bees and hoverflies had longer flight periods. Flowering of weed species also varied greatly between species, with weeds classified as winter annuals (e.g., germinating in autumn) starting early together with germination generalists (species that can germinate in both autumn and spring). Summer annuals (spring germinators) and perennials started flowering about a month later. Germination generalists had a much longer flowering period than the others. Weekly pollinator records were in most cases significantly explained by weed records. Apart from early flying solitary bees, all models showed strong positive relationships. The overall best explanatory variable was the total number of weeds, with a weight assigned to each species based on its potential as a nectar/pollen source. This suggests that agricultural weeds in Sweden provide a continuous potential supply of nectar and pollen throughout the flight season of most pollinators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollinator activity and flowering in agricultural weeds in Sweden

Milberg,

Franzen,

Karpaty Wickbom

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Sowing time also affects the incidence of fungal diseases [30] and the abundance of pests and weeds [31]. However, no specific studies are available for winter poppy versus spring poppy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Yield Components of Winter Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Are Affected by Sowing Date and Sowing Rate under Pannonian Climate Conditions

Neugschwandtner

Dobos²,

Wagentristl

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Poppy cultivation has a long tradition in Central Europe. Growing winter poppy instead of the commonly grown spring poppy might increase seed yield, especially in the face of changing climatic conditions. However, knowledge regarding optimum sowing date and optimum sowing rate for winter poppy under Pannonian climate conditions in Central Europe is missing. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was performed in Eastern Austria with four sowing dates ranging from early September to mid/end of October and two sowing rates with 50 or 100 mg seeds m−2. Seed yields were considerably higher than values reported for spring poppy throughout all sowing dates, mainly due to a higher number of seeds capsule−1 and, thereby, a higher seed yield capsule−1. The highest seed yields were obtained by sowing in early October, while the earliest and especially the latest sowing date resulted in lower seed yields. Consequently, the optimum sowing date for winter poppy under Pannonian climate conditions in Central Europe is early October but sowing can be performed over a wider range of dates. No seed yield differences were observed between sowing rates. Consequently, the sowing rate can be much lower than the recommended sowing rate for spring poppy.

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Interference and economic threshold level of little seed canary grass in wheat under different sowing times

Hussain

Khaliq

Matloob

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Little seed canary grass (LCG) is a pernicious weed of wheat crop causing enormous yield losses. Information on the interference and economic threshold (ET) level of LCG is of prime significance to rationalize the use of herbicide for its effective management in wheat fields. The present study was conducted to quantify interference and ET density of LCG in mid-sown (20 November) and late-sown (10 December) wheat. Experiment was triplicated in randomized split-plot design with sowing dates as the main plots and LCG densities (10, 20, 30, and 40 plants m(-2)) as the subplots. Plots with two natural infestations of weeds including and excluding LCG were maintained for comparing its interference in pure stands with designated densities. A season-long weed-free treatment was also run. Results indicated that composite stand of weeds, including LCG, and density of 40 LCG plants m(-2) were more competitive with wheat, especially when crop was sown late in season. Maximum weed dry biomass was attained by composite stand of weeds including LCG followed by 40 LCG plants m(-2) under both sowing dates. Significant variations in wheat growth and yield were observed under the influence of different LCG densities as well as sowing dates. Presence of 40 LCG plants m(-2) reduced wheat yield by 28 and 34% in mid- and late-sown wheat crop, respectively. These losses were much greater than those for infestation of all weeds, excluding LCG. Linear regression model was effective in simulating wheat yield losses over a wide range of LCG densities, and the regression equations showed good fit to observed data. The ET levels of LCG were 6-7 and 2.2-3.3 plants m(-2) in mid- and late-sown wheat crop, respectively. Herbicide should be applied in cases when LCG density exceeds these levels under respective sowing dates.

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Sowing time affects the abundance of pests and weeds in winter rye

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Pollinator activity and flowering in agricultural weeds in Sweden

Pollinator activity and flowering in agricultural weeds in Sweden

Yield and Yield Components of Winter Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Are Affected by Sowing Date and Sowing Rate under Pannonian Climate Conditions

Interference and economic threshold level of little seed canary grass in wheat under different sowing times

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