Sowing, field size, and soil characteristics affect bean-Fusarium-wilt pathosystems

Abstract

Fusarium wilt is an important disease threatening bean production in Zanjan, Iran. Interactions between agrosystem characteristics, bean-wilt, and soil are still poorly understood. In this study, effects of several cropping and soil characteristics on Fusarium wilt were analyzed in 48 bean growers' fields. Application of urea and herbicides, bean market class, preceding crop and sampling year had no significant effect on disease parameters (area under disease progress curve, average disease index over sampling period, disease index, and infection rate) in most cases. Fusarium-wilt-index at pod maturity stage of bean growth was selected for regression analysis as dependent variable. A statistical analysis based on principal components regression showed that soil pH, sowing depth, soil silt, sowing date, and field size explained 68% of variation in Fusarium wilt index observed in bean crops. Findings suggest postponing sowing beans at shallow depths in appropriate soil texture with neutral pH as potential strategies to manage Fusarium wilt.

Harnessing genetic resistance to rusts in wheat and integrated rust management methods to develop more durable resistant cultivars

“…Understanding how temperature variations impact resistance might lead to the breeding of more stable pathogen resistance in wheat (Bryant et al, 2014). Several studies predicted the severity of wheat leaf rust epidemics using a number climate, crop and disease variables and different disease management descriptors such as disease-cycle, host-growth stages, planting date and cultivar resistance (Rao et al, 1990;Rossi et al, 1997;Moschini and Peŕez, 1999;Räder et al, 2007;Naseri and Mousavi, 2013;Naseri, 2014a;Naseri, 2014b;Savary et al, 2015;Naseri and Marefat, 2019;Naseri and Sharifi, 2019;Naseri and Sasani, 2020;Naseri and Sabeti, 2021). Recently, two studies established interrelationships among disease onset date, leaf rust severity area under disease progressive curve, planting time, maturity time, relative humidity of greater than 60% mean six-monthly and temperature range of 5-25°C (Naseri and Sasani, 2020;Naseri and Sabeti, 2021).…”

“…Recently, two studies established interrelationships among disease onset date, leaf rust severity area under disease progressive curve, planting time, maturity time, relative humidity of greater than 60% mean six-monthly and temperature range of 5-25°C (Naseri and Sasani, 2020;Naseri and Sabeti, 2021). Such a close relationship between wheat maturation and planting date as wheat leaf rust predictors appears significant, because planting date has also been considered a primary disease management operation in a wide range of agricultural crops (Moschini and Peŕez, 1999;Naseri, 2013;Naseri, 2014a;Naseri, 2014b;Naseri and Sharifi, 2019). Furthermore, these findings may enhance breeding for more resistant genotypes given that a combination of climate, maturity and planting date would be studied for screening wheat varieties (Naseri and Sasani, 2020).…”

Enhancing Essential Grains Yield for Sustainable Food Security and Bio-Safe Agriculture through Latest Innovative Approaches

“…Because planting date has also been regarded as a key disease management strategy for a wide range of grains, the close association between wheat maturation and wheat leaf rust predictions seems significant. Furthermore, given that a combination of the environment, maturity, and planting date would be investigated for screening wheat varieties, these findings may improve breeding for more resistant genotypes [67]. These connections need to be further investigated in other geographic regions with different host and pathogen genotypes, climatic conditions, and environmental situations.…”

Faba Bean–Wheat Intercropping Can Control the Occurrence of Faba Bean Fusarium Wilt by Alleviating the Inhibitory Effect of Benzoic Acid on Disease Resistance Metabolism and the Expression of Resistance Genes

“…Several chemical and biological methods have been developed to control the occurrence of plant diseases . However, chemical agents have obvious side effects.…”

“…Several chemical and biological methods have been developed to control the occurrence of plant diseases. 12 However, chemical agents have obvious side effects. For example, moderate administration of urea can control the occurrence of soilborne diseases.…”