Sowing Date Effects on Grain Yield Components for Different Maize Genotypes

Otegui, María E.; Nicolini, María G.; Ruiz, R.A.; Dodds, P.A.A.

doi:10.2134/agronj1995.00021962008700010006x

Cited by 111 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Maize grain yield is primarily associated with variations in the number of mature kernels per ear which, in turn, depends on crop growth rates at silking (Otegui et al, 1995;Cantarero et al, 1999). The number of grains that reached maturity varied less pronouncedly with the increase in the amount of N side-dressed per area for the modern hybrid Ag 9012 ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilization impact on agronomic traits of maize hybrids released at different decades

Sangoi

Ender

Guidolin

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Genetic selection of maize hybrids is often conducted using high N rates during the breeding cycle. This procedure may either lead to the release of genotypes that present nitrogen luxury consumption or require a stronger N input to accomplish their yield potential. This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of N rates on grain yield and N use efficiency of hybrids cultivated in different decades in Southern Brazil. The trial was performed in Lages, Santa Catarina State. A split plot design was used. Hybrids Ag 12, Ag 28, Ag 303 and Ag 9012, released during the 60 s, 70 s, 80 s and 90 s, respectively, were evaluated in the main plots. Nitrogen rates equivalent to 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha -1 were side-dressed in the split-plots when each hybrid had six fully expanded leaves. Modern-day hybrid Ag 9012 had higher grain yield than hybrids of earlier eras, regardless of N rates. Under high doses of N, the older hybrids Ag 12 and Ag 28 took up more N and presented higher values of shoot dry matter at flowering than Ag 9012. Nonetheless, they set less grains per ear which contributed to decrease their grain yield and N use efficiency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilization impact on agronomic traits of maize hybrids released at different decades

Sangoi

Ender

Guidolin

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Relação entre taxa efetiva de crescimento de grãos e temperatura média durante a fase de crescimento linear dos grãos (A) e entre massa seca final e taxa efetiva de crescimento de grãos (B) e período efetivo de crescimento de grãos (C) dos milhos híbridos: XL-678 durante o ano de 1994/95 e XL-370 durante os anos de 1995/96 e 1996/97. mitação da fonte produtora de assimilados nesse período (Otegui et al, 1995). No entanto, em condições de ambiente com temperatura do ar menor que 19 o C e com menor radiação solar incidente, os grãos adquirem menor peso final, pela menor taxa fotossintética corrente e menor partição de assimilados para os grãos (Maddonni et al, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Crescimento e desenvolvimento de milho: acúmulo de massa seca do grão

Didonet

Rodrigues

Mario³

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito de diferentes épocas de plantio na taxa e na duração do período de enchimento dos grãos, e de que modo esses fatores determinam o peso final dos grãos de híbridos do milho (Zea mays L.). Três experimentos foram instalados no campo, nos anos de 1994-1995 a 1996-1997, com os híbridos comerciais C-901, XL-560 e XL-678, em 1994/95, e os híbridos C-901, XL-212 e XL-370, nos outros anos. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes datas de plantio de setembro a dezembro, em 1994/95, e de agosto a dezembro, em 1995/96 e 1996/97. A taxa efetiva do enchimento dos grãos foi diretamente dependente da temperatura média do ar, tendo sido maior nos plantios mais precoces, e resultando em grãos mais pesados do que os obtidos em plantios mais tardios. Nos plantios mais tardios, a menor temperatura do ar durante o período efetivo do enchimento dos grãos propiciou menor taxa de enchimento dos grãos, tornando-os mais leves. Conclui-se que o principal fator limitante do rendimento de grãos nesses plantios é a fonte produtora de fotoassimilados, e não a capacidade dos grãos em acumulá-los.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, enchimento do grão, taxa de crescimento, temperatura, componentes de rendimento. Growth and development of maize: accumulation of grain dry matterAbstract The objective of this work was to study the effect of different sowing dates on the rate and duration of the grain filling and how such factors determine the final grain weight of a number of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Three experiments were carried out under field conditions in the years 1994/95 to 1996/97, using the commercial hybrids C-901, XL-560, and XL-678 in 1994/95 and the hybrids C-901, XL-212, and XL-370 in the remaining years. The treatments consisted of sowing dates from September to December, in 1994/95, and from August to December, in 1995/96 and 1996/97. The effective grain filling rate depended directly on the mean air temperature and it was higher in earlier plantings, resulting in heavier grains, as compared to the grains obtained in the later sowings. In the later sowing dates a lower air temperature during the effective grain filling period favors a lower grain filling rate, resulting in lighter grains. In such sowing dates it is concluded that the main factor limiting yield seems to be the source of assimilate supply instead of the grain accumulation capacity.Index terms: Zea mays, seed filling, growth rate, temperature, yield components. IntroduçãoA temperatura é um dos principais fatores de ambiente que afeta o desenvolvimento da planta de milho (Zea mays L.), com efeitos importantes nas diversas fases fenológicas da planta. O aumento na taxa de crescimento e a diminuição na duração do perío-do de enchimento dos grãos são causados pelo aumento da temperatura (Muchow, 1990). Quando os grãos experimentam altas temperaturas durante a fase de acumulação de massa seca, a taxa efetiva de cres-(1) Aceito para publicação em 26 de junho de 2000.

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“…Dry matter production around silking is important for kernel formation and filling 15 , and thus determines the yield level. In our experiment however shoot dry weight and leaf area index at silking at all yield levels were at similar ranges (Fig.…”

Section: Source Limitation Occurred While Hardly To Be Improvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor post-silking kernel development limits summer maize yield in the North China Plain

Tao¹,

Xia²,

Xu³

et al. 2015

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)/summer maize (Zea mays) rotation is a major system in the North China Plain. The wheat yield target was achieved recently, whereas the maize yield has been static since the 2000s, even with high density planting and fertilizer input. This study analyses the factors limiting maize growth and yield. Maize yields from eight field trials (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) were classified into five levels: low yield (< 8.25), farmer yield (8.25-9.75), experimental yield (9.75-11.25), record high yield (11.25-12.75), and target yield (> 12.75) t/ha. Shoot dry weight, nitrogen accumulation, and leaf area index at critical stages, yield, and yield components were measured. Grain yield fluctuated from 6.4-13.8 t/ha (10.1 t/ha on average). Insufficient kernel number per ear and low kernel weight limited further yield improvement. Shoot dry weight, leaf area index, and shoot N-accumulation before silking did not vary among the different yield levels, whereas after silking these parameters were significant larger at high yield levels. It can be concluded that low kernel number per ear across yield levels was related to source limitation pre-silking. Additionally, low kernel weight was due to poor post-silking dry matter production. However, the potential of yield increment through increasing source size was limited under the current system. Strategies to enhance post-silking leaf and root function shall therefore be considered to improve post-silking dry matter production and transportation under a high density and high nitrogen input system.

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Sowing Date Effects on Grain Yield Components for Different Maize Genotypes

Cited by 111 publications

References 13 publications

Nitrogen fertilization impact on agronomic traits of maize hybrids released at different decades

Nitrogen fertilization impact on agronomic traits of maize hybrids released at different decades

Crescimento e desenvolvimento de milho: acúmulo de massa seca do grão

Poor post-silking kernel development limits summer maize yield in the North China Plain

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