Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection Improves Host Suitability for Its Insect Vector, <I>Sogatella furcifera</I> (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Abstract

The impact of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) on the life cycle of the vector Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) was investigated. The adult longevity was significantly shorter when the insect was reared on the SRBSDV-infected rice plants than those reared on the noninfected rice treatment. The fecundity of S. furcifera reared on the SRBSDV-infected rice plants was slightly higher than that of those reared on the noninfected rice plants both in macropterous and brachypterous cohorts. In addition, SRBSDV infection in rice increased the population size of macropterous adults from both macropterous and brachypterous cohorts. After a 10 or 15 d feeding period on the SRBSDV-infected rice plants, the amount of honeydew excreted by the insect increased significantly when compared with those reared on the noninfected plants. These results revealed SRBSDV infection improves host suitability for its vector, S. furcifera.

Interactive Effects of Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection of Host Plant and Vector on Performance of the Vector, <I>Sogatella furcifera</I> (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

“…In this study, nonviruliferous white-backed planthopper females exposed to infected rice seedlings lived longer than the other three treatment groups. These results which are similar to those reported for other virus vectors such as A. gossypii on zucchini plants infected by ZYMV (Blua et al 1994) and B. tabaci on tobacco plants infected by TYLCCNV (Jiu et al 2007), and contradict the reports by Tu et al (2013) and Zhang et al (2014), who found an adverse effect of SRBSDV-infected rice plants on adult white-backed planthopper longevity. The contrasting results may result from difference in experiment designs.…”

“…results, although they found a temperature-dependent effect on the wing form ratio. The ratio of macropterous adults was reported to be increased by SRBSDV infection of rice, where they reported a ratio of macropterous males as high as 47.9 Ð 69.4% (Zhang et al 2014), which was extraordinary higher than previously reported results (Liu et al 2010). In this study, nonviruliferous white-backed planthopper females exposed to infected rice seedlings lived longer than the other three treatment groups.…”

“…The contrasting results may result from difference in experiment designs. In the experiment by Tu et al (2013), nonviruliferous white-backed planthopper nymphs were exposed to SRBSDV-infected rice plants for only 48 h and then transferred to noninfected plants until adult stage, and in the test by Zhang et al (2014), cut rice stems instead of whole rice seedlings were used, whereas in our study, nonviruliferous white-backed planthopper nymphs were conÞned with infected rice plants throughout the whole development period from second-instar nymphs to adult stage.…”

“…Tu et al (2013) reported SRBSDV effects on development and fecundity of white-backed planthopper, where the viruliferous and nonviruliferous white-backed planthopper were virus fed only for 48 h as Þrst-instar nymphs and then transferred to noninfected rice plants. Zhang et al (2014) reported inßuence of SRBSDV-infected rice plants on life parameters of white-backed planthopper only, without addressing the direct effects of virus infection of the vector. Therefore, interaction between direct and indirect effects of SRBSDV on white-backed planthopper was not adequately addressed in their study.…”

Rice Reoviruses in Insect Vectors

“…However, the infection of rice reoviruses in rice plants may alter the attractiveness of rice plants to the insect vector. For example, SRBSDV-infected plants are more attractive to nonviruliferous S. furcifera individuals but less so to the viruliferous ones, whereas healthy plants are more attractive to the viruliferous but less so to the nonviruliferous individuals (131). Furthermore, RRSV-carrying N. lugens individuals prefer SRBSDV-infected rice plants (62,104).…”