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The world is currently facing a biodiversity crisis that existing conservation policies have failed to arrest. Policymakers, academics, and the public are coming to recognize that much more ambitious conservation policies are in order. But biodiversity conservation raises major issues of global justice—even if the connection between conservation and global justice is too seldom made. The lion’s share of conservation funding is spent in the global North, even though most biodiversity exists in the global South, and even though local people can often scarcely afford to make sacrifices in the interests of biodiversity conservation. Many responses to the biodiversity crisis threaten to exacerbate existing global injustices, to lock people into poverty, and to exploit the world’s poor. At the extreme, policies aimed at protecting biodiversity have also been associated with exclusion, dispossession, and violence. This book investigates how biodiversity might be conserved without producing global injustice. It distinguishes policies that are likely to exacerbate global injustice and policies that promise to reduce them. It explains how the struggle to formulate and implement just conservation policies is vital to our planet’s future.
The world is currently facing a biodiversity crisis that existing conservation policies have failed to arrest. Policymakers, academics, and the public are coming to recognize that much more ambitious conservation policies are in order. But biodiversity conservation raises major issues of global justice—even if the connection between conservation and global justice is too seldom made. The lion’s share of conservation funding is spent in the global North, even though most biodiversity exists in the global South, and even though local people can often scarcely afford to make sacrifices in the interests of biodiversity conservation. Many responses to the biodiversity crisis threaten to exacerbate existing global injustices, to lock people into poverty, and to exploit the world’s poor. At the extreme, policies aimed at protecting biodiversity have also been associated with exclusion, dispossession, and violence. This book investigates how biodiversity might be conserved without producing global injustice. It distinguishes policies that are likely to exacerbate global injustice and policies that promise to reduce them. It explains how the struggle to formulate and implement just conservation policies is vital to our planet’s future.
The world is in the midst of a biodiversity crisis, which existing conservation policies have failed to arrest. Policy makers, academics, and the general public are coming to recognize that much more ambitious conservation policies are in order. However, biodiversity conservation raises major issues of global justice—even if the connection between conservation and global justice is too seldom made. The lion’s share of conservation funding is spent in the global North, even though most biodiversity exists in the global South, and even though local people can often scarcely afford to make sacrifices in the interests of biodiversity conservation. Many responses to the biodiversity crisis threaten to exacerbate existing global injustices, to lock people into poverty, and to exploit the world’s poor. At the extreme, policies aimed at protecting biodiversity have also been associated with exclusion, dispossession, and violence. This book grapples with the challenge of how biodiversity might be conserved without producing global injustice. It distinguishes policies likely to exacerbate global injustice, and policies that promise to reduce it. The struggle to formulate and implement just conservation policies is vital to our planet’s future.
This chapter begins by showing why biodiversity conservation raises very important questions of global justice: because global inequality drives biodiversity loss, because biodiversity loss causes global injustice, and because responses to biodiversity loss will produce further global injustice unless formulated carefully and with clear normative guidance. For all of those reasons, the biodiversity crisis should play a much more central role within debates on global justice than it has to date. The chapter then goes on to sketch several prominent views on justice towards non-human animals. Rather than choosing between them, the aim is to show that, on any of these views, we have further reasons for caring about the biodiversity crisis. For the crisis threatens not only human interests, but those of the many other animals with whom we share the planet.
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