Southern Jutland

Chapter 5. “Organically German”?

“…Standard Danish has been claimed to have six phonological levels of vowel height (Grønnum 1998), but only three levels were included here. This decision follows Mortensen and Tøndering's (2013) study, which found roughly the same results using a simplified three-way classification of vowel height and Grønnum's (2005: 105) physiological four-way classification of vowel aperture. 9 Danish dialects further show a large degree of variability in vowel implementation (Ejstrup 2010), which means that coding more levels of vowel height would be either too impressionistic or much too time-demanding.…”

“…This choice of landmark leads to relatively short VOT measurements, and partially inflates the differences between dialects as reported in this study and Standard Danish as reported by e.g. Mortensen and Tøndering (2013), who use the onset of higher formants as their landmark. The delimitation is exemplified in Figures 5 and 6.…”

“…bilabial < alveolar < velar, although they also find a number of languages not following this pattern. In their study of Standard Danish VOT, Mortensen and Tøndering (2013) find longer VOT for /t/ than /k/. Plosives are coded by their phonological category, i.e.…”

“…Fischer-Jørgensen (1980);Higgins et al (1998), and Berry and Moyle (2011); cf. Mortensen and Tøndering (2013), who found an influence only on lenis plosives in Danish. Standard Danish has been claimed to have six phonological levels of vowel height (Grønnum 1998), but only three levels were included here.…”

“…VOT values for the different phonemes as grouped by dialect area can be seen in Table 3, which also shows the VOT values reported for Standard Danish by Mortensen and Tøndering (2013) for comparison. The results are projected onto maps in Figures 7-14.…”