Sources of mineralization and salinization of thermal groundwater of Jordan

Möller, P.; Geyer, Stefan; Salameh, Elias; Dulski, Peter

doi:10.1002/aheh.200500613

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…3 follows their chemical association: K, Na, Cl and Br represent the halide group (halite and sylvite). B, SO 4 2-, Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba, and HCO 3 -are constituents of the sulfate-carbonate group (Möller et al 2006a). The pattern of marine brines at different evaporation stages, dissolved halite and complementary fractions of anhydrite and calcite for a fixed Ca value are displayed.…”

Section: Spider Diagramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Residual amounts of marine evaporation brines may be overprinted by mixing with brines from various sources or by interaction with wall rock minerals, e.g., during dolomitization or albitization. Indicative segments are the following ones: Na sw -Cl sw -Br sw typifies the dissolution of either halite or post-halite evaporites; B sw -SO 4sw is largely controlled by anhydrite which is enriched in B by coprecipitation (Farber et al 2004;Möller et al 2007); Ca sw -Sr sw discriminates late diagenetic calcite from early diagenetic calcite, aragonite and anhydrite (Möller et al 2006a) because in the course of diagenesis calcite looses Sr (Bausch 1968 ). Thus, spider patterns are a tool to characterize the chemical evolution of groundwaters.…”

Section: Spider Diagramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salinization of groundwater in the North German Basin: results from conjoint investigation of major, trace element and multi-isotope distribution

Möller

Weise

Tesmer

et al. 2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Conjoint consideration of distribution of major, rare earth elements (REE) and Y (combined to REY) and of H, O, C, S, Sr isotopes reveals that four types of groundwater are distinguishable by their chemical composition presented by spider patterns. REY patterns indicate thermosaline deep water and two types of shallow saline groundwaters. Presence of connate waters is not detectable. Sr isotope ratios distinguish three sources of Sr: fast and slow weathering of biotite and K-feldspar in Pleistocene sediments, respectively, and dissolution of limestones. d 13 C(DIC) indicate dissolution of limestone under closed and open system conditions. Numerous samples show d 13 C(DIC) > 13& which is probably caused by incongruent dissolution of calcite and dolomite. The brines from below 1,000 m represent mixtures of pre-Pleistocene seawater or its evaporation brines and infiltrated post-Pleistocene precipitation. The shallow waters represent mixtures of Pleistocene and Recent precipitation salinized by dissolution of evaporites or by mixing with ascending brines. The distribution of water types is independent on geologic units and lithologies. Even the Tertiary Rupelian aquiclude does not prevent salinization of the upper aquifer.

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Section: Spider Diagramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spider Diagramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinization of groundwater in the North German Basin: results from conjoint investigation of major, trace element and multi-isotope distribution

Möller

Weise

Tesmer

et al. 2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…In the nearby artesian Mukheibeh well field the groundwater is exploited from A7 and B2 discharging with temperatures of 29-46°C probably heated by volcanic intrusions at depths of 3-4 km [36]. Hot groundwater from the A7 aquifer is also known from the western Ajloun escarpment within the Lower Jordan Valley [27,28,46]. In the Ajloun the temperature of groundwater from A7/B2 is only slightly enhanced (23-31°C ) and cool if draining the shallow basaltic aquifer or the B4.…”

Section: Hydrogeological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Salinization of Groundwater in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge, East of the River Jordan

Möller¹,

Lucia²,

Rosenthal³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In the Lower Yarmouk Gorge the chemical composition of regional, fresh to brackish, mostly thermal groundwater reveal a zonation in respect to salinization and geochemical evolution, which is seemingly controlled by the Lower Yarmouk fault (LYF) but does not strictly follow the morphological Yarmouk Gorge. South of LYF the artesian Mukeihbeh well field produces in its central segment groundwaters of almost pure basaltic-rock type with low contribution (<0.3 vol-%) of Tertiary brine, hosted in deep Cretaceous and Jurassic formations. Further distal, the contribution of limestone water increases originating from the Ajloun Mts. North of the LYF, the Mezar wells, the springs of Hammat Gader and Ain Himma produce dominantly limestone water, which contains 0.14-3 vol-% of the Tertiary brine and possess hence variable salinity. The total dissolved equivalents of solutes gained by water/rock interaction (WRI) and mixing with brine, TDE(WRI+brine), amounts to 10-70 % in the region comprising the Mukheibeh field, Ain Himma and Mezar 3 well, to 55-70 % in the springs of Hammat Gader, and to 80-90 % in wells Mezar 1 and 2. The type of salinization indicates that the Lower Yarmouk fault seemingly acts as the divide between the Ajloun and the Golan Heigths dominated groundwater.

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“…The dissolution of gypsum or anhydrite does not produce significant and measurable isotopic effects [35,[56][57][58]. The δ 34 SSO4 values show a wide range, varying from −6.9‰ to 4.1‰, with an average of 0.02‰.…”

Section: Water-rock Interaction and Mixing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Geothermal Water from the Ganzi Geothermal Field, Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Fan

Pang

Liao

et al. 2019

Water

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The Ganzi geothermal field, located in the eastern sector of the Himalayan geothermal belt, is full of high-temperature surface manifestations. However, the geothermal potential has not been assessed so far. The hydrochemical and gas isotopic characteristics have been investigated in this study to determine the geochemical processes involved in the formation of the geothermal water. On the basis of δ18O and δD values, the geothermal waters originate from snow and glacier melt water. The water chemistry type is dominated by HCO3-Na, which is mainly derived from water-CO2-silicate interactions, as also indicated by the 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.714098–0.716888). Based on Cl-enthalpy mixing model, the chloride concentration of the deep geothermal fluid is 37 mg/L, which is lower than that of the existing magmatic heat source area. The estimated reservoir temperature ranges from 180–210 °C. Carbon isotope data demonstrate that the CO2 mainly originates from marine limestone metamorphism, with a fraction of 74–86%. The helium isotope ratio is 0.17–0.39 Ra, indicating that the He mainly comes from atmospheric and crustal sources, and no more than 5% comes from a mantle source. According to this evidence, we propose that there is no magmatic heat source below the Ganzi geothermal field, making it a distinctive type of high-temperature geothermal system on the Tibetan Plateau.

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Sources of mineralization and salinization of thermal groundwater of Jordan

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Salinization of groundwater in the North German Basin: results from conjoint investigation of major, trace element and multi-isotope distribution

Salinization of groundwater in the North German Basin: results from conjoint investigation of major, trace element and multi-isotope distribution

Sources of Salinization of Groundwater in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge, East of the River Jordan

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Geothermal Water from the Ganzi Geothermal Field, Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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