Sources of<i>Trans</i>and Saturated Fatty Acids: In the Diets of Vancouver Children

Mulder, Kelly A; Ferdinands, Alexa R.; Richardson, Kelly J.; Innis, Sheila M.

doi:10.3148/74.1.2013.7

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Our results are in part comparable to those reported by a Canadian study with 100 children aged 5 to 6 [10], although this study did not report the absolute TFA intake. The mean percentage of energy intake provided by TFA was 0.71% in the Canadian study, and therefore similar than in our study (0.77%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The main food sources of the total TFA intake in our study were comparable to those reported by the Canadian study [10]. Regarding the industrial TFA intake, we observed that the main sources were fast food, white bread, processed baked goods and sweets, contributing to nearly 90% to its intake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…A recent Canadian study of children aged 5–6 reported that the mean total TFA intake was 0.71 energy % and that 12% of the participants consumed >1% of the energy from TFA [10]; the authors concluded that more efforts should be undertaken to enable the selection of foods which are lower in TFA in order to further reduce the TFA intake in children. However, the published information about the sources and amounts of TFA intake for preschool children is scarce and, to our knowledge, no study has distinguished yet between industrial and natural TFA intake in this population [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake of Trans Fatty Acids in Children Aged 4–5 in Spain: The INMA Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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Trans fatty acid (TFA) intake has been identified as a health hazard in adults, but data on preschool children are scarce. We analyzed the data from the Spanish INMA Project to determine the intake of total, industrial and natural TFA, their main sources and the associated socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in children aged 4–5 (n = 1793). TFA intake was estimated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, and multiple linear regression was used to explore associated factors. The mean daily intakes of total, industrial and natural TFA were 1.36, 0.60, and 0.71 g/day, respectively. Ten percent of the children obtained >1% of their energy intake from TFA. The main sources of industrial TFA were fast food, white bread and processed baked goods. Milk, red and processed meat and processed baked goods were the main sources of natural TFA. Having parents from countries other than Spain was significantly associated with higher natural TFA (in mg/day) intake (β 45.5) and television viewing was significantly associated with higher industrial TFA intake (β 18.3). Higher fruits and vegetables intake was significantly associated with lower intakes of all TFAs, whereas higher sweetened beverages intake was significantly associated with lower total and natural TFA intake. Thus, total and industrial TFA intake was associated with less healthy food patterns and lifestyles in Spanish preschool children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake of Trans Fatty Acids in Children Aged 4–5 in Spain: The INMA Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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“…In the present study, we found no association between fat intake and lutein intake, but children consuming diets richer in SFA consumed less lutein than children consuming more n -6 and n -3 PUFA. Since dairy foods, processed foods and bakery foods, all of which contain little or no lutein, are major sources of SFA among children in our population ( 35 ) , this is not unexpected. After controlling for differences in lutein intake, we found no evidence that dietary fat quality makes an impact on lutein status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Plasma lutein concentrations are related to dietary intake, but unrelated to dietary saturated fat or cognition in young children

et al. 2014

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Lutein and zeaxanthin are xanthophyll carotenoids present in highly pigmented vegetables and fruits. Lutein is selectively accumulated in the brain relative to other carotenoids. Recent evidence has linked lutein to cognition in older adults, but little is known about lutein in young children, despite structural brain development. We determined lutein intake using FFQ, one 24 h recall and three 24 h recalls, plasma lutein concentrations and their association with cognition in 160 children 5·6–5·9 years of age, at low risk for neurodevelopmental delay. Plasma lutein was skewed, with a median of 0·23 (2·5th to 95th percentile range 0·11–0·53) µmol/l. Plasma lutein showed a higher correlation with lutein intake estimated as the average of three 24 h recalls (r 0·479; P = 0·001), rather than one 24 h recall (r 0·242; P = 0·003) or FFQ (r 0·316; P = 0·001). The median lutein intake was 697 (2·5th to 95th percentile range 178–5287) µg/d based on three 24 h recalls. Lutein intake was inversely associated with SFA intake, but dietary fat or SFA intakes were not associated with plasma lutein. No associations were found between plasma lutein or lutein intake and any measure of cognition. While subtle independent effects of lutein on child cognition are possible, separating these effects from covariates making an impact on both child diet and cognition may be difficult.

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“…The calorie content prior to and after the intervention was calculated using the computer software NUTRIPAC, which was validated in Mexico and contains Hispanic food data [25,26]. Using this software, the calorie content as well as the macro- and micronutrient content of the diets of the intervened patients was determined based on their 24-hour recalls entries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet have been amply proven in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. The effects of this diet have not been extensively assessed in pediatric populations with obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the Mediterranean style diet (MSD) to decrease cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to a MSD rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, flavonoids and antioxidants (60% of energy from carbohydrate, 25% from fat, and 15% from protein, (n = 24); or a standard diet (55% of carbohydrate, 30% from fat and 15% from protein, (n = 25), the caloric ingest was individualized. At baseline and 16-week of intervention, the glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C were measured as well as the body composition and anthropometric data. The diet compliance was determined by the 24-hour recalls.Paired Student’s t and Macnemar’s test were used to compare effects in biochemical, body composition, anthropometric, and dietary variables.ResultsThe MSD group had a significantly decrease in BMI, lean mass, fat mass, glucose, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C. (p < 0.05); the diet compliance increased consumption of omega 9 fatty acids, zinc, vitamin E, selenium, and decreased consumption of saturated fatty acids (p < 0.05). The standard diet group decrease in glucose levels and frequency of glucose >100 mg/dL (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe MSD improves the BMI, glucose and lipid profile in children and adolescents with obesity and any MetS component.

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Sources ofTransand Saturated Fatty Acids: In the Diets of Vancouver Children

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Dietary Intake of Trans Fatty Acids in Children Aged 4–5 in Spain: The INMA Cohort Study

Dietary Intake of Trans Fatty Acids in Children Aged 4–5 in Spain: The INMA Cohort Study

Plasma lutein concentrations are related to dietary intake, but unrelated to dietary saturated fat or cognition in young children

Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity

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