Sources of Hæmolytic Streptococcal Infection of Wounds in War and in Civil Life

Hare, Ronald

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)60929-7

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…G:roup C streptococci have been reported to cause a spectrum of disease in man including upper respiratory tract, skin, wound and puerperal infections, septicaemia, pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis and septic arthritis (Benjamin & Perriello, 1976;Lancefield & Hare, 1935;Armstrong et al 1970;Mohr et al 1979;Stamm & Cobbs, 1980;Stein & Panwalker, 1985;Stewardson-Krieger & Gotoff, 1977;Kuskie, 1987). Studies of naso-pharyngeal carriage rates of group C streptococci in normal populations have shown rates between 1P9 and 3 6% (Hare, 1940;Ogunbi et al 1978; Barnham, 1983) but there has been little assessment of the carriage rates in other anatomical sites. The species of group C streptococci were often not determined in these studies of infection and carriage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group C streptococci in human infection: a study of 308 isolates with clinical correlations

et al. 1989

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A collection of 308 clinical isolates of beta-haemolytic Lancefield group C streptococci was assembled from laboratories in England, Nigeria and New Zealand. Of these, 276 isolates were Streptococcus equisimilis, 23 S. milleri and nine S. zooepidemicus. Isolates of S. equisimilis in the African collection, though few, gave higher rates of lactose and raffinose fermentation, aesculin hydrolysis and positive alpha-galactosidase reactions than those from elsewhere. Erythromycin resistance was found in 1.9% of the English isolates of S. equisimilis. Strains from superficial infections accounted for 88% of the collection and were most commonly isolated from the upper respiratory tract, skin or wounds. Amongst the 36 patients yielding isolates from deep sites S. equisimilis was found in septicaemia, cellulitis, abscess, peritonitis, septic arthritis, pneumonia, mycotic aneurysm and acute epiglottitis, S. milleri was found in abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, pleural empyema and osteomyelitis and S. zooepidemicus was found in septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis and septic arthritis. Within the collection an unselected general catchment of 214 isolates of group C streptococci from the laboratories in Yorkshire showed the following species: from 199 superficial infections 94% S. equisimilis, 5% S. milleri and 1% S. zooepidemicus and 15 patients with deeper, more aggressive infections 67, 27 and 6.7% of these species respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group C streptococci in human infection: a study of 308 isolates with clinical correlations

et al. 1989

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“…The bacteria so acquired are listed in Table III. These observations apply only to examinations Pre-hospital Infection.-Our observations throw no light at all upoIn the sources of pre-hospital infection-i.e., whether this is acquired at the time of the accident or by tirst-aid treatment, etc., as suggested by Hare (1940). We are, however, inclined to think that the majority of infecting organisms in our series were introduced during this period in spite of the fact that they were often not detected in the wound for seven or even occasionally for fifteen days after admission.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Bacteriological Investigation of Wounds Treated by the Closed-plaster Method

Orr-Ewing¹,

Scott²,

Gardner³

1941

BMJ

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Although the last war left us with a good general knowledge of the bacterial flora of open wounds, the present increasing use of the closed-plaster method of treatment calls for more information about the special characters and changes of the flora under these peculiar conditions; and it is this type of information that we have aimed at obtaining.At the outset it was clear enough that completely covered wounds cannot be adequately investigated without devising some means of bacteriological access to the wound as ofteni as desired; and our investigation therefore began with the invention of a transparent window, easy to open and to close again hermetically, which could be incorporated in the plaster casing of any limb. In this we had the advice and collaboration of Prof. Seddon andMessrs. Corry, Foley, and Elliot Smith. One of the results of the work has been the development of a type of window more satisfactory than the first one, which was found to have a bad effect on the surface of the wound directly under it; and we hope that our experience may be of use to other workers in this field.At the outset we expected a large number of air-raid casualties to be available, but it has been our happy misfortune to have instead only a slow trickle of compound fractures and lacerations such as occur at all times in civil life, with one or two aerial wounds from the surrounding district. Nevertheless, frequent examinations of a few wounds have given some information not available by rarer examinations of many. Up to the present we have made 73 complete analyses from the flora of 10 cases (often with two wounds), first at excision whenever possible, and then at short intervals after the application of the plaster. In the later stages examinations were made at plaster changes and usually, at less frequent intervals, between changes. Windows were not fitted to patients who were up and about.

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“…Group C streptococci, especially large-colony strains, are well-recognized pathogens in a variety of animals and birds, but only rarely cause disease in humans. Small-colony group C streptococci are endogenous for humans and are wellrecognized skin and mucosal colonizers (Hare, 1940;Rolston, 1986;Gossling, 1988), with the majority of infections in or near areas of known colonization (Gossling, 1988;Duma et al, 1969). When pathogenic or causes of bacteraemia, members of the 'S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Streptococcus milleri’ aortic valve endocarditis and hepatic abscess

Rashid

Salah

Parada

2007

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Although well-recognized animal pathogens, group C streptococci are relatively rare causes of human infection. The phenotypically small-colony group C ‘Streptococcus milleri’ are typically associated with suppurative disease of soft tissue and organs, including liver abscesses, while bacteraemia and endocarditis are distinctly less common. Herein, a case of ‘S. milleri’ causing both endocarditis and liver abscess in the same patient is reported.

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Sources of Hæmolytic Streptococcal Infection of Wounds in War and in Civil Life

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Group C streptococci in human infection: a study of 308 isolates with clinical correlations

Group C streptococci in human infection: a study of 308 isolates with clinical correlations

Bacteriological Investigation of Wounds Treated by the Closed-plaster Method

‘Streptococcus milleri’ aortic valve endocarditis and hepatic abscess

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