Sources of data center energy estimates: A comprehensive review

Mytton, David; Ashtine, Masaō

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.07.011

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The ever-expanding data centre market and the lack of transparency surrounding the energy usage have hindered research and innovation in the area [127]. Even though some research has estimated energy use and carbon emissions [128], it is the author's opinion that the problem cannot truly be tackled unless data centres are forced to become publicly researchable. data centre built into the design to gain extra revenue and help with operating costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Potential to use the Expelled Heat Energy from a Typical Data Centre in Ireland for Alternative Farming Methods

Borland¹,

Harty²,

McDonnell³

2023

Preprint

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Data centres, though a necessary part of modern society, are being stigmatised for consuming vast amounts of electricity for their operational and cooling needs. Due to Ireland’s reliance on fossil fuels to meet the increased energy demand of data centres, the data centres are contributing significantly to Ireland’s total carbon emissions. As much of this energy is expelled from data centres as waste heat energy, the potential for recycling some of this wasted heat energy was explored using environmentally friendly systems from recent publications. The recovered waste heat energy was applied in a vertical farming system, and the benefits of this waste heat to the vertical farm were analysed and quantified in two scenarios. Using conservative estimates, it was predicted that each vertical farm could be between 5-23% the size of the data centre and produce enough food to feed between 14-61 adults their daily calorie needs, and between 13-58 people their daily fresh produce requirements, depending on the scenario applied. For a more accurate prediction, each vertical farm would have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. However, there was not enough data available on Irish data centres to perform these calculations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Potential to use the Expelled Heat Energy from a Typical Data Centre in Ireland for Alternative Farming Methods

Borland¹,

Harty²,

McDonnell³

2023

Preprint

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“…According to estimates, by the years 2030–2035, both wireless and optical communication will usher in the sixth generation (6G/F6G), providing connections for tens of billions of devices and multi-billion users 112 , 113 . It is also expected that global data centers will have a throughput of trillions of GB and require over 200 terawatt hours of power consumption 114 . Furthermore, tens and hundreds of millions of robots are set to enter our daily lives to improve labor efficiency at a low cost 115 .…”

Section: Opportunities and Technical Challenges For Future Developmen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging opportunities and challenges for the future of reservoir computing

Yan,

Huang,

Bienstman

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Reservoir computing originates in the early 2000s, the core idea being to utilize dynamical systems as reservoirs (nonlinear generalizations of standard bases) to adaptively learn spatiotemporal features and hidden patterns in complex time series. Shown to have the potential of achieving higher-precision prediction in chaotic systems, those pioneering works led to a great amount of interest and follow-ups in the community of nonlinear dynamics and complex systems. To unlock the full capabilities of reservoir computing towards a fast, lightweight, and significantly more interpretable learning framework for temporal dynamical systems, substantially more research is needed. This Perspective intends to elucidate the parallel progress of mathematical theory, algorithm design and experimental realizations of reservoir computing, and identify emerging opportunities as well as existing challenges for large-scale industrial adoption of reservoir computing, together with a few ideas and viewpoints on how some of those challenges might be resolved with joint efforts by academic and industrial researchers across multiple disciplines.

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“…Within this context, space is a small but rapidly growing sector. While peer-review of the global GHG emissions produced by the Information and Communications Technology ecosystem vary from 1.8%-2.8%, one assessment identifies a range of methodological and assumption differences which could lead to global emissions being as high as 3.9% [35] (subject to caveats [36]).…”

Section: Life Cycle Assessment Of Satellite Constellationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability assessment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite broadband mega-constellations

Oughton,

Osoro,

Wilson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The growth of mega-constellations is rapidly increasing the number of rocket launches required to place new satellites in space. While Low Earth Orbit (LEO) broadband satellites help to connect unconnected communities and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, there are also a range of negative environmental externalities, from the burning of rocket fuels and resulting environmental emissions. We present sustainability analytics for phase 1 of the three main LEO constellations including Amazon Kuiper (3,236 satellites), OneWeb (648 satellites), and SpaceX Starlink (4,425 satellites). In baseline scenarios over five years, we find a per subscriber carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) of 0.70±0.34 tonnes for Kuiper, 1.41±0.71 tonnes for OneWeb and 0.47±0.15 tonnes CO2eq/subscriber Starlink. However, in the worst-case emissions scenario these values increase to 3.02±1.48 tonnes for Kuiper, 1.7±0.71 tonnes for OneWeb and 1.04±0.33 tonnes CO2eq/subscriber for Starlink, more than 31-91 times higher than equivalent terrestrial mobile broadband. Importantly, phase 2 constellations propose to increase the number of satellites by an order-of-magnitude higher, highlighting the pressing need to mitigate negative environmental impacts. Strategic choices in rocket design and fuel options can help to substantially mitigate negative sustainability impacts.

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Sources of data center energy estimates: A comprehensive review

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Assessment of the Potential to use the Expelled Heat Energy from a Typical Data Centre in Ireland for Alternative Farming Methods

Assessment of the Potential to use the Expelled Heat Energy from a Typical Data Centre in Ireland for Alternative Farming Methods

Emerging opportunities and challenges for the future of reservoir computing

Sustainability assessment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite broadband mega-constellations

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