Sources and Fate of Microplastics in Urban Systems

Haave, Marte; Henriksen, Taran

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-10618-8_44-1

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Further structural analysis of purified PHB was carried out using 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. 1 H NMR spectrum showed signals of a chemical shift at δ = 1.22-1.34 ppm, δ = 2.41-2.64 ppm and δ = 5.20-5.32 ppm represented to methyl group, methylene group (CH 2 ) and a methine group (−CH) [29]. The 13 C NMR spectra of the polymer exhibited peaks at 169.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Author details 1 Pediatric Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt. 2 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.…”

Section: Supplementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plastics are preferred for a range of applications, and the volume of plastic manufactured and used worldwide is increasing, with over 380 million metric tons produced and utilized annually. Almost 80 million metric tons of plastic waste are liberated annually, causing environmental and direct health issues [1]. Severe soil and water pollution occur due to the slow or non-degradable nature of synthetic plastic also, when burning, causes air pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 H NMR spectrum of purified PHB showed signals of a chemical shift at δ = 1.22-1.34 ppm as a doublet of the methyl group, and a pair of quadruplets at δ = 2.41-2.64 ppm, which is characteristic of a methylene group (CH 2 ) linked to the carbonyl group (Fig.8A). Multiple signals appear at δ = 5.20-5.32 ppm, characteristic of a methine group (−CH).The13 C NMR spectra of the polymer extracted from Bacillus cereus SH-02 (OM992297) exhibited peaks at 169.15, 67.6, 40.77, and 19.75 ppm corresponding to different types of carbon atoms present in PHB (carbonyl, methine, methylene, and methyl resonance).…”

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Production and optimization of bioplastic (Polyhydroxybutyrate) from Bacillus cereus strain SH-02 using response surface methodology

et al. 2022

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Background Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biopolymer formed by some microbes in response to excess carbon sources or essential nutrient depletion. PHBs are entirely biodegradable into CO2 and H2O under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It has several applications in various fields such as medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, and food packaging due to its biocompatibility and nontoxicity nature. Result In the present study, PHB-producing bacterium was isolated from the Dirout channel at Assiut Governorate. This isolate was characterized phenotypically and genetically as Bacillus cereus SH-02 (OM992297). According to one-way ANOVA test, the maximum PHB content was observed after 72 h of incubation at 35 °C using glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen source. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the interactive effects of glucose concentration, peptone concentration, and pH on PHB production. This result proved that all variables have a significant effect on PHB production either independently or in the interaction with each other. The optimized medium conditions with the constraint to maximize PHB content and concentration were 22.315 g/L glucose, and 15.625 g/L peptone at pH 7.048. The maximum PHB content and concentration were 3100.799 mg/L and 28.799% which was close to the actual value (3051 mg/l and 28.7%). The polymer was identified as PHB using FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. FT-IR analysis showed a strong band at 1724 cm− 1 which attributed to the ester group’s carbonyl while NMR analysis has different peaks at 169.15, 67.6, 40.77, and 19.75 ppm that were corresponding to carbonyl, methine, methylene, and methyl resonance. Mass spectroscopy exhibited molecular weight for methyl 3- hydroxybutyric acid. Conclusion PHB–producing strain was identified as Bacillus cereus SH-02 (OM992297). Under optimum conditions from RSM analysis, the maximum PHB content and concentration of this strain can reach (3100.799 mg/L and 28.799%); respectively. FTIR, NMR, and Mass spectrometry were used to confirm the polymer as PHB. Our results demonstrated that optimization using RSM is one of the strategies used for reducing the production cost. RSM can determine the optimal factors to produce the polymer in a better way and in a larger quantity without consuming time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Author details 1 Pediatric Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt. 2 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.…”

Section: Supplementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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