Source quantification and potential risk of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and chromium in farmland soils of Yellow River Delta

Gan, Yandong; Huang, Xianmin; Li, Shuangshuang; Liu, Na; Li, Yuncong; Freidenreich, Ariel; Wang, Wenxing; Wang, Renqing; Dai, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.157

Cited by 119 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Symbols in Table 1 denotes: C x , C n , C is is the measured concentration of individual metal in the soil, R is the concentration of the reference element in the unpolluted soil, B n is the background concentration or reference value of the metal n, N is the number of metals tested, C in denotes the background concentration of metals in uncontaminated soil; T ir denotes the toxic response factor of heavy metals. These factors for: Pb; Cd; As; Zn; Cr; Ni; Cu; and Hg have values: 5; 30; 10; 1; 2; 5; 5; and 40; respectively (Hakanson, 1980;Men et al, 2018;Gan et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Monged et al, 2020). Minitab software package was used to perform multivariate (Pearson correlation, PCA, HCA) data analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between the presence of individual metals derived from anthropogenic activities, and those of natural origin or derived from a mixed source of heavy metals can be estimated using the EF. The unpolluted Earth's crust is used as the reference for element content in the calculation of EF, commonly using Fe (Khademi et al, 2019;Monged et al, 2020), Al (Relić et al, 2019;Adimalla et al, 2020), Ti (Jiang et al, 2020), Mn (Yadav et al, 2019), or soil organic matter content (Gan et al, 2019). In any case, it is mandatory that the reference element selected is not of anthropogenic origin in the study area.…”

Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study reveals that Cd is the metal that poses the highest ecological threat. This metal has also been at the top of the risk list of heavy metals in recently published ecological risk assessment studies (Men et al, 2018;Gan et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019;Egbueri et al, 2020).…”

Section: Potential Ecological Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential ecological risk can be estimated based on the risk index (RI) for each sample. Also, the risks from individual metals, which contribute to the ecological risk, can be identified (Men et al, 2018;Gan et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Monged et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil at a Former Painting Industry Facility

Radomirović

Cirovic

Maksin

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Soil samples from the site of the former largest paint and varnish factory in ex-Yugoslavia were analyzed for arsenic and eight heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, and Hg). Several additional soil properties (pH, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water content) were also measured. Multivariate analysis showed strong correlations between Pb and Zn; and a moderate correlation between Cu and Ni. There was no correlation between heavy metals and any of the analyzed soil properties parameters. A factor analysis grouped most heavy metals, except Cd, which showed different behavior, and Fe and As, which associated with soil properties. The soil samples were clustered into two distinctive groups. Positive matrix factorization receptor modeling clearly identified Zn and Pb as belonging to the traffic vehicle factor. The second factor dominating arsenic was industrial chemical emissions, while the third factor containing most of the heavy metals was attributed to natural background variation. The last non-metallic factor, dominated by sulfur, was the result of past activities in the paint facility. The average enrichment factor values were for the metals analyzed were: 0.73; 0.71; 2.4; 0.58; 2.3; 0.87; 1.6; and 0.76; for Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, As, and Hg, respectively. Only moderate soil enrichment by Pb and Zn was found. The geoaccumulation index values showed a moderately polluted soil with Pb and Zn, but most contributing to the ecological risk were Cd with 63% and Hg with 19%. These two metals are of major concern in this case study due to their high toxicity, even though they are present at very low concentrations. Generally, a moderate ecological risk was estimated for most soil samples, except for a small number of high-risk samples. Spatial distribution mapped three severely polluted sub-areas. In general, the paint and varnish industry moderately contributes to the contamination of soil. The main ecological risk from metal contamination is not related to the paint technological production process itself, but from other activities at the site that deposit of heavy metals into the soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Ecological Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil at a Former Painting Industry Facility

Radomirović

Cirovic

Maksin

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The short non-negative constraint is another remarkable downside of the PCA, APCS and CMB methods [20]. Many studies were carried out using the PMF model and valuable results were obtained [1], [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological risk assessment and source identification of heavy metal pollution in vegetable bases of Urumqi, China, using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method

et al. 2020

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Heavy metal pollution is a widespread problem and strongly affects human health through the food chain. In this study, the overall pollution situation and source apportionment of heavy metals in soil (Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cr) were evaluated using various methods including geo-accumulation index (I geo), potential ecological risk index (RI) and positive matrix factorization combined with Geographical Information System (GIS) to quantify and identify the possible sources to these heavy metals in soils. The results of I geo showed that this farmland top soil moderate contaminated by Hg, other selected elements with noncontamination level. And the average RI in the top soil was 259.89, indicating a moderate ecological risk, of which Hg and Cd attributed 88.87% of the RI. The results of the PMF model showed that the relative contributions of heavy metals due to atmospheric depositions (18.70%), sewage irrigations (21.17%), soil parent materials (19.11%), industrial and residential coal combustions (17.43%) and agricultural and lithogenic sources (23.59%), respectively. Of these elements, Pb and Cd were came from atmospheric deposition. Cr was attributed to sewage irrigations. As was mainly derived from the soil parent materials. Hg originated from industrial and residential coal combustions, and most of the Cu, Zn and Ni, except for Pb, were predominantly derived from agricultural and lithogenic sources. These results are important in considering management plans to control the aggravation of heavy metal pollution and ultimately to protect soil resources in this region. In addition, this study enhances the understanding of heavy metal contamination occurrence in agroecosystem that helps predicting and limiting the potential of heavy metal exposure to people and ecosystem.

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Application of Genetically Modified Microorganisms for Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

Bhatt¹,

Shandilya²,

Singal³

et al. 2023

Genomics Approach to Bioremediation

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Source quantification and potential risk of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and chromium in farmland soils of Yellow River Delta

Cited by 119 publications

References 52 publications

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil at a Former Painting Industry Facility

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil at a Former Painting Industry Facility

Ecological risk assessment and source identification of heavy metal pollution in vegetable bases of Urumqi, China, using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method

Application of Genetically Modified Microorganisms for Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

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