Source of Bleeding in Trauma Patients With Pelvic Fracture and Haemodynamic Instability

Haemodynamics as a determinant of need for pre-hospital application of a pelvic circumferential compression device in adult trauma patients

“…Fractures to the pelvic ring are common following high energy blunt trauma, occurring in 8% of major trauma patients and 15.7% of patients with an injury severity score >15 ( [1]). These injuries can cause substantial haemorrhage [2][3][4], with overall mortality reported at 14-18% [1,3,5,6]. In patients with unstable fractures, mortality can be as high as 42% [5].…”

Interval versus external fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures: a comparative study

“…PF is a complex injury that is generally associated with high-energy damage, which can seriously impact health [1]. It has been shown that, after a fall from a great height, 85% of the patients who sustained a PF bled from the fracture itself, compared with only 44% of the patients who did not sustain a PF after the fall [15]. Despite multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of PF, mortality remains as high as 40%, with one third of patients dying from an uncontrolled hemorrhage [16].…”

“…This study found that the clinical indicators for the IF group were significantly better than those for the EF group. PF with hemorrhage is an important cause of increased mortality and must be addressed [15]. EF therapy has been used widely due to its ability to reduce venous bone bleeding, but a recent study found that EF cannot easily avoid the risk of displacement in instable vertical fractures [18].…”

Improvised first aid techniques for terrorist attacks

“…Pelvic fractures have a high associated mortality; the main cause of death again being haemorrhage, which usually originates from the sacral venous plexus and also includes fractured bone ends and ruptured iliac vessels 12. Prompt reduction and stabilisation of pelvic ring injuries is paramount in managing the substantial haemorrhage associated with these injuries.…”