Source Limitation of Sink Yield in Mung Beans

“…An injury that prevents regrowth owing, for example, to a loss of uninitiated meristems is potentially most harmful. The effects of shoot apex removal have been studied by Clifford (1979), Binnie and Clifford (1980), Aarssen (1995), Irwin and Aarssen (1996), and Venecz and Aarssen (1998). According to Irwin and Aarssen (1996), apical dominance may be considered a potential fitness cost if it remains unchanged in the absence of competition for light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Clifford (1979) and Binnie and Clifford (1980), decapitation enhanced by removal of axillary buds could increase the yield and fruit production of Phaseolus aureus and Phaseolus vulgaris. Further, in three herbs commonly inhabiting open habitats, Hypericum perforatum, Melilotus alba, and Ambrosia artemisiifolia, shoot apex removal reduced stem height and the number of primary branches, but had no adverse effects on the aboveground biomass or flower production (Irwin and Aarssen 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of apical dominance in two monocarpic herbs, Erysimum strictum and Rhinanthus minor

Huhta¹,

Tuomi²,

Rautio³

2000

Can. J. Bot.

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Apical dominance is advantageous in conditions favoring rapid growth in height and unbranched architecture. The cost of apical dominance, on the other hand, should be expressed in conditions where fecundity increases along with an increasing number of branches. Apical damage can be used to measure such costs: when suppressed meristems are released from apical inhibition, the vegetative and reproductive productivity of initially unbranched plants should increase owing to the regrowth and increased branch development following damage. We studied these regrowth responses in two monocarpic herbs, Erysimum strictum P. Gaertn., B. Mey., and Scherb. and Rhinanthus minor L., after both apical damage (10% of the shoot cut) and more extensive damage (50 and 75% cutting). Both species tolerated apical damage, although severe damage had detrimental effects on the performance of both, especially R. minor. Apical damage had positive effects on most of the measured performance parameters of Erysimum. However, the success of seed germination collapsed, presumably due to delayed flowering and less successful pollination. The response was parallel in Rhinanthus; apical damage affected neither the vegetative biomass nor fecundity, but heavier damage, especially 75% clipping, led to severe reductions in most performance measures. The differences in regrowth responses are presumably due to the different habitat requirements of the species. Rhinanthus prefers relatively dense vegetation and starts to branch and produce flowers after a certain threshold in height has been reached, whereas Erysimum prefers gaps in vegetation. In this species, unbranched architecture may be favored in closed vegetation and branched architecture in less competitive habitats. In both species, fruit production correlated positively with the number of branches in both control and clipped plants, which is consistent with the assumption of the cost of apical dominance.Résumé : La dominance apicale est avantageuse sous des conditions qui favorisent la croissance rapide en hauteur et une architecture non ramifiée. Le coût de la dominance apicale, cependant, devrait s'exprimer sous des conditions où la fécondité augmente en même temps que le nombre de ramifications. On peut utiliser la mutilation de l'apex pour mesurer un tel coût; lorsque des méristèmes supprimés sont libérés de la dominance apicale, la productivité végétative et reproductive de plantes non ramifiées au départ, devrait augmenter suite à la repousse et à l'augmentation du dévelop-pement des branches après la mutilation. Les auteurs ont étudié ces réactions de croissance, chez deux espèces herbacées monocarpiques, l'Erysimum strictum P. Gaertn., B. Mey., and Scherb. et le Rhinanthus minor L., après deux traitements, le premier apical (10 % de la tige coupée) et le second plus important (50 et 75 % de la tige coupée). Les deux espèces tolèrent la mutilation apicale alors que les dommages plus sévères ont des effets négatifs sur la performance des deux espèces, surtout du R. minor. La mutilation api...

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“…At this period of seed development there is a competition for assimilates requirement among the capsules of different positions in the plants, such as newly formed capsules at the top of the inflorescence and relatively developed capsules of the lower position of the plants. Clifford (1979) reported that partial defoliation increases yield in mungbean.…”

Section: Effect Of Source-sink Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-sink manipulation on yield contributing characters and yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

et al. 2018

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Source-sink manipulation may improve light interception into the canopy and reduce the competition between vegetative and reproductive sinks during seed filling period, and may help in achieving higher yield. So, an effort was made to assess the effect of source-sink manipulation on yield contributing characters and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design consisted of two varieties of sesame viz.Binatil-3 and Local-Black and five levels of source-sink manipulation viz.control (M0), removal of lower empty leaves, lower empty branches and top of the inflorescence (M1), removal of top of the inflorescence (M2), removal of all branches and removal of lower empty leaves (M3) and lower empty branches (M4) with three replications. Source-sink manipulations were imposed during capsule development stage (50 days after emergence). Results revealed that the higher number of capsules plant-1 (16.17), seeds capsule-1 (53.27), maximum 1000-seed weight (2.72 g), higher seed capsule wall ratio (2.52), seed yield plant-1 (2.35 g), yield (938.96 kg ha-1) and harvest index (36.40%) were produced by the modern variety Binatil-3 than the traditional variety Local-black. Source-sink manipulation showed positive response to yield attributes compared with control. Maximum seeds capsule-1 (57.13), 1000-seed weight (2.92 g), higher seed capsule wall ratio (2.71), seed yield plant-1 (2.78 g) and yield (1110.96 kg ha-1) were found from removal of lower empty leaves, lower empty branches and top of the inflorescence (M1). Yield was increased by 71.77%, 46.88%, 8.52% and 22.45% due to M1, M2, M3 andM4 manipulation. Although all the source-sink manipulation treatments gave higher yield in their respective variety, the highest (1258.63 kg ha-1 and 125.04%) yield was obtained when lower leaves, lower empty branches and top of the inflorescence of the variety Binatil-3 were removed i.e. from V1M1 treatment. Therefore, Binatil-3 with removal of lower empty leaves, lower empty branches and top of the inflorescence manipulation was the best treatment in respect of yield and yield contributing characters of sesame.Progressive Agriculture 29 (1): 1-9, 2018

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Source Limitation of Sink Yield in Mung Beans

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Hypotheses for the Evolution of Apical Dominance in Plants: Implications for the Interpretation of Overcompensation

Hypotheses for the Evolution of Apical Dominance in Plants: Implications for the Interpretation of Overcompensation

Cost of apical dominance in two monocarpic herbs, Erysimum strictum and Rhinanthus minor

Source-sink manipulation on yield contributing characters and yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

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