Source apportionment of PM2.5 across China using LOTOS-EUROS

Timmermans, Renske; Kranenburg, Richard; Manders, Astrid; Hendriks, Carlijn; Segers, Arjo; Dammers, Enrico; Zhang, Q.; Wang, Linsong; Liu, Z.; Zeng, Liming; Gon, Hugo Denier van der; Schaap, Martijn

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.06.003

Cited by 89 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The access to global input data has allowed the area of operation to be extended to other regions in the world (e.g. Timmermans et al, 2017). Currently, operational forecasts are delivered for China (http://www.marcopolo-panda.…”

Section: Development and Applications Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The development and application of chemistry transport models has a long tradition. Within the Netherlands the LOTOS-EUROS model has been developed by a consortium of institutes, after combining its independently developed predecessors in 2005. Recently, version 2.0 of the model was released as an open-source version. This paper presents the curriculum vitae of the model system, describing the model's history, model philosophy, basic features and a validation with EMEP stations for the new benchmark year 2012, and presents cases with the model's most recent and key developments. By setting the model developments in context and providing an outlook for directions for further development, the paper goes beyond the common model description.With an origin in ozone and sulfur modelling for the models LOTOS and EUROS, the application areas were gradually extended with persistent organic pollutants, reactive nitrogen, and primary and secondary particulate matter. After the combination of the models to LOTOS-EUROS in 2005, the model was further developed to include new source parametrizations (e.g. road resuspension, desert dust, wildfires), applied for operational smog forecasts in the Netherlands and Europe, and has been used for emission scenarios, source apportionment, and long-term hindcast and climate change scenarios. LOTOS-EUROS has been a front-runner in data assimilation of ground-based and satellite observations and has participated in many model intercomparison studies. The model is no longer confined to applications over Europe but is also applied to other regions of the world, e.g. China. The increasing interaction with emission experts has also contributed to the improvement of the model's performance. The philosophy for model development has always been to use knowledge that is state of the art and proven, to keep a good balance in the level of detail of process description and accuracy of input and output, and to keep a good record on the effect of model changes using benchmarking and validation. The performance of v2.0 with respect to EMEP observations is good, with spatial correlations around 0.8 or higher for concentrations and wet deposition. Temporal correlations are around 0.5 or higher. Recent innovative applications include source apportionment and data assimilation, particle number modelling, and energy transition scenarios including corresponding land use changes as well as Saharan dust forecasting. Future developments would enable more flexibility with respect to model horizontal and vertical resolution and further detailing of model input data.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Section: Development and Applications Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

et al. 2017

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“…The LOTOS‐EUROS regional chemistry transport model is used to simulate the dust storms over East Asian areas. It has been widely used in the daily air quality forecast over Europe (Manders et al, ) and China (https://www.marcopolo-panda.eu; Timmermans et al, ) and also for dust emission data assimilation in East Asia (Jin et al, ). In this study, the model only simulates dust, since the focus is on estimation of dust emissions for a case with an extreme dust storm event in northeast China.…”

Section: Dust Simulation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Emission Inversion Using Himawari‐8 AODs Over East Asia: An Extreme Dust Event in May 2017

Jin

Segers²,

Heemink

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Aerosol optical depths (AODs) from the new Himawari-8 satellite instrument have been assimilated in a dust simulation model over East Asia. This advanced geostationary instrument is capable of monitoring the East Asian dust storms which usually have great spatial and temporal variability. The quality of the data has been verified through a comparison with AErosol RObotic NETwork AODs. This study focuses on extreme dust events only when dust aerosols are dominant; promising results are obtained in AOD assimilation experiments during a case in May 2017. The dust emission fields that drive the simulation model are strongly improved by the inverse modeling, and consequently, the simulated dust concentrations are in better agreements with the observed AOD as well as ground-based observations of PM 10 . However, some satellite AODs show significant inconsistence with the simulations and the PM 10 and AErosol RObotic NETwork observations, which might arise from retrieval errors over a partially clouded scene. The data assimilation procedure therefore includes a screening method to exclude these observations in order to avoid unrealistic results. A dust mask screening method is designed, which is based on selecting only those observations where the deterministic model produces a substantial amount of dust. This screen algorithm is tested to give more accurate result compared to the traditional method based on background covariance in the case study. Note that our screen method would exclude valuable information in case the model is not able to simulate the dust plume shape correctly; hence, applications in related studies require inspections of simulations and observations by user.

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“…For the vertical structure, we compared the standard five-level mixed-layer configuration (Manders et al, 2017) with a hybrid-layer multilevel scheme. This version uses the lowest 70 layers of the 137 hybrid sigma-25 pressure layers used by ECMWF for the operational meteorological forecasts in 2016.…”

Section: Model Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of summer O3 in the Madrid air basin with the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model

Escudero¹,

Segers²,

Kranenburg³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Tropospheric O3 remains a major air-quality issue in the Mediterranean region. The combination of large anthropogenic emissions of precursors, transboundary contributions, a warm and dry aestival climate and topographical features results in severe cases of photochemical pollution. Chemical transport models (CTMs) are essential tools for studying O3 dynamics and for assessing mitigation measures but they need to be evaluated specifically for each air basin. In this study, we present an optimisation of the LOTOS-EUROS CTM for the Madrid air basin. Five configurations using different meteorological datasets (from the European Centre for Medium Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)), horizontal resolution and number of vertical levels were compared for July 2016. LOTOS-EUROS responded satisfactorily in the five configurations reproducing observations of surface O3 with notable correlation and reduced bias and errors. However, the best-fit simulations for surface O3 were obtained by increasing spatial resolution and using a large number of vertical levels to reproduce vertical transport phenomena and the formation of reservoir layers. Using the optimal configuration obtained in the evaluation, three characteristic events have been described: recirculation (REC) episodes and northern and southern advection (NAD and SAD, respectively) events. REC events were found to produce the highest O3 due to the reduced ventilation associated with low wind speeds and the contribution of reservoir layers formed by vertical transport of O3 formed near the surface in the previous days of the event. NAD events, usually associated with higher wind speeds, present the lowest ground-level O3 concentrations in the region. During SAD episodes, external contributions along with low wind speeds allow O3 to increase considerably, but not as much as in REC events because steady southerly winds disperse local emissions and hinder the formation of reservoir layers.

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Source apportionment of PM2.5 across China using LOTOS-EUROS

Cited by 89 publications

References 84 publications

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

Dust Emission Inversion Using Himawari‐8 AODs Over East Asia: An Extreme Dust Event in May 2017

Analysis of summer O<sub>3</sub> in the Madrid air basin with the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model

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Source apportionment of PM2.5 across China using LOTOS-EUROS

Cited by 89 publications

References 84 publications

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

Dust Emission Inversion Using Himawari‐8 AODs Over East Asia: An Extreme Dust Event in May 2017

Analysis of summer O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in the Madrid air basin with the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model

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Analysis of summer O<sub>3</sub> in the Madrid air basin with the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model