Source apportionment analysis of atmospheric particulates in an industrialised urban site in southwestern Spain

Querol, Xavier; Alastuey, Andrés; Rosa, J. de la; Campa, Ana M. Sánchez de la; Plana, F.; Ruiz, Carolina Castillo

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00257-1

Cited by 154 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…, which is higher than the concentration found in Los Angeles, USA and Spain (Querol et al 2002) and also lower than that reported for Asian sites (Fung and Wong 1995;Balachandran et al 2000).…”

Section: Ironcontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…The higher Cd concentration at the industrial site may be due to the release of Cd from different industrial mechanical processes. The total average of Cd in Dhaka (13 ng m -3 ) is slightly higher than that previously reported by Salam et al 2003, is comparable with those found in Spain (Querol et al 2002), but if three-to fourfold lower than the values reported for other Southeast Asian sites (Sharma and Patil 1992;Smith et al 1996).…”

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Salam

Hossain

Siddique

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Aerosol particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) and trace gases (SO 2 , NO 2 , CO and O 3 ) were sampled at five locations in greater Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and April 2006. Particulate matter was collected on microfiber filters with a low-volume sampler, and trace gases (SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 ) were collected with an impinger equipped with PM samplers. Carbon monoxide was determined using the Indicator Tube method. The total average concentrations of SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, and O 3 were 48.3, 21.0, 166.0 and 28 μg m -3 , respectively. The total average concentrations of SO 2 and NO 2 were much lower than the annual average guideline values of the World Health Organization (WHO). The total average O 3 concentration was also much lower than the daily maximum values established by WHO (average of 100 μg m -3 for an 8-h sample). The total average concentrations of five sites were 263, 75.5 and 66.2 μg m -3 for SPM, PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively. The mass of PM 2.5 is approximately 88% of the PM 10 mass, indicating that fossil fuel is the main source of PM in Dhaka. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the heavy metal concentrations in the PM 2.5 size fraction. The total average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in PM 2.5 were 6.3, 13, 94, 433, 204, and 381 ng m -3 , respectively. The Pb concentration in Dhaka shows a decreasing tendency, presumably due to the ban on the use of leaded fuel. The overall trace metal concentrations in Dhaka are higher than those in European (e.g., Spain, Norway) and East Asian (e.g., Taiwan) locations, but lower than those measured in Southeast Asian (Kanpur, Delhi, Mumbai, India; Lahore, Pakistan) cities.

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Section: Ironcontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 59%

Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Salam

Hossain

Siddique

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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“…However, in this source, V contributes with 80.37%. V is a metal element which definitely originates from oil combustion (Querol et al, 2002;Enamorado-Báez et al, 2015). This phenomena is reasonable because the dust storm, occurred in Wuhan, has passed more than five provinces and brought not only dust but also contaminated particles when the air mass passing through industrial areas.…”

Section: Source Identification and Apportionment By Pmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Acciai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The concentrations of PM 2.5 and trace elements with hourly resolution were measured during May 2014 in urban residential area of Wuhan, the biggest city in central China. During the period of measurement, the average temperature was approximate 25°C without domestic heating and cooling. The average concentration of PM 2.5 was 95.53 µg m -3 , which was higher than the limit of Ambient Air Quality Standard of China GB3095-2012 (75 µg m -3 , Level 2). A sand storm original from Northwestern China was also recorded. Concentrations of major trace elements (K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Pd, Ag, Cd, Au, Hg, Pb, Co, Sn, Sb, Tl) were comparable to previous studies, except for Ba and Ca with more than doubled concentrations (103 ng m -3 , 1,792.49 ng m -3 ) due to the storm. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) were employed to characterize the emission sources. The computation of EF showed that Zincs was highly enriched. Four sources, biomass burning (63.2%) might mainly related to power plants using biowaste burning and bio-related cooking activities, metallurgical and steel industries (14%), dust crustal (12.5%) and dust associated with vehicular traffic (10.4%), were identified in decreasing order of average percentage contribution to the PM 2.5 mass with the aid of trace elements. The orientations of emission sources were also addressed.

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“…where fertilizer production industries, petrochemical industries, ammonia and urea industries as well as paper production industries are situated (Carretero et al, 2005;Alastuey et al, 2006;Querol et al, 2002Querol et al, , 2004Fernández-Camacho et al, 2010a). The nearby National Park of Doñana on the other hand is a Nature Preserve Park with a large variety of ecosystems and a unique biodiversity (de la Campa et al, 2009).…”

Section: J-m Diesch Et Al: Variability Of Aerosol Gaseous Pollutamentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of aerosol, gaseous pollutants and meteorological characteristics associated with changes in air mass origin at the SW Atlantic coast of Iberia

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Measurements of the ambient aerosol were performed at the Southern coast of Spain, within the framework of the DOMINO (Diel Oxidant Mechanisms In relation to Nitrogen Oxides) project. The field campaign took place from 20 November until 9 December 2008 at the atmospheric research station "El Arenosillo" (37 • 5 47.76 N, 6 • 44 6.94 W). As the monitoring station is located at the interface between a natural park, industrial cities (Huelva, Seville) and the Atlantic Ocean, a variety of physical and chemical parameters of aerosols and gas phase could be characterized in dependency on the origin of air masses. Backwards trajectories were examined and compared with local meteorology to classify characteristic air mass types for several source regions. Aerosol number and mass as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon concentrations were measured in PM 1 and size distributions were registered covering a size range from 7 nm up to 32 µm. The chemical composition of the non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM 1 ) was measured by means of an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (Aerodyne HR-ToF-AMS). Gas phase analyzers monitored various trace gases (O 3 , SO 2 , NO, NO 2 , CO 2 ) and a weather station provided meteorological parameters.Lowest average submicron particle mass and number concentrations were found in air masses arriving from the Atlantic Ocean with values around 2 µg m −3 and 1000 cm −3 . These mass concentrations were about two to four times lower than the values recorded in air masses of continental and urban origins. For some species PM 1 -fractions in marine air were significantly larger than in air masses originating from Huelva, a closely located city with extensive industrial activities. The largest fraction of sulfate (54 %) was detected in marine air masses and was to a high degree not neutralized. In addition, small concentrations of methanesulfonic acid (MSA), a product of biogenic dimethyl sulfate (DMS) emissions, could be identified in the particle phase.In all air masses passing the continent the organic aerosol fraction dominated the total NR-PM 1 . For this reason, using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) four organic aerosol (OA) classes that can be associated with various aerosol sources and components were identified: a highlyoxygenated OA is the major component (43 % OA) while semi-volatile OA accounts for 23 %. A hydrocarbon-like OA mainly resulting from industries, traffic and shipping emissions as well as particles from wood burning emissions also contribute to total OA and depend on the air mass origin.A significant variability of ozone was observed that depends on the impact of different air mass types and solar radiation.

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Source apportionment analysis of atmospheric particulates in an industrialised urban site in southwestern Spain

Cited by 154 publications

References 21 publications

Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Variability of aerosol, gaseous pollutants and meteorological characteristics associated with changes in air mass origin at the SW Atlantic coast of Iberia

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