Sounding rocket observation of a hot atomic oxygen geocorona

Cotton, Daniel M.; Gladstone, G. Randall; Chakrabarti, Supriya

doi:10.1029/93ja02268

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2. The anomalous oxygen model profile, [O a ](z), represents nonthermal oxygen species (e.g., O + and hot oxygen) inherent in the Jacchia and Barlier data sets at higher altitudes (!600 km) and is similar to an ionospheric Chapman layer [e.g., Cotton et al, 1993]:…”

Section: Nrlmsis Model: Present and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

NRLMSISE‐00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues

et al. 2002

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[1] The new NRLMSISE-00 empirical atmospheric model extends from the ground to the exobase and is a major upgrade of the MSISE-90 model in the thermosphere. The new model and the associated NRLMSIS database now include the following data: (1) total mass density from satellite accelerometers and from orbit determination (including the Jacchia and Barlier data sets), (2) temperature from incoherent scatter radar covering 1981-1997, and (3) molecular oxygen number density, [O 2 ], from solar ultraviolet occultation aboard the Solar Maximum Mission. A new component, ''anomalous oxygen,'' allows for appreciable O + and hot atomic oxygen contributions to the total mass density at high altitudes and applies primarily to drag estimation above 500 km. Extensive tables compare our entire database to the NRLMSISE-00, MSISE-90, and Jacchia-70 models for different altitude bands and levels of geomagnetic activity. We also explore scientific issues related to the new data sets in the NRLMSIS database. Especially noteworthy is the solar activity dependence of the Jacchia data, with which we study a large O + contribution to the total mass density under the combination of summer, low solar activity, high latitude, and high altitude. Under these conditions, except at very low solar activity, the Jacchia data and the Jacchia-70 model indeed show a significantly higher total mass density than does MSISE-90. However, under the corresponding winter conditions, the MSIS-class models represent a noticeable improvement relative to Jacchia-70 over a wide range of F 10.7 . Considering the two regimes together, NRLMSISE-00 achieves an improvement over both MSISE-90 and Jacchia-70 by incorporating advantages of each.

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Section: Nrlmsis Model: Present and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

NRLMSISE‐00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues

et al. 2002

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“…The hot geocoronal atoms are then taken to be oxygen atoms with a temperature of 4000 K at 500 km and a density of 1% of the background thermal oxygen, but the density height profile of the hot geocoronal oxygen atoms is still under debate. The first possibility is that they are a constant percentage of the background thermal oxygen at all altitudes [Shematovich et al, 1994] and the second is that they form a Chapman-like profile with a peak near the exobase [Cotton et al, 1993]. For simplicity, a constant percentage profile has been chosen for this study.…”

Section: Background Neutral Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Global neutral polar wind model

Gardner

Schunk

2005

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] The neutral polar wind shows a highly dynamic structure that depends on the characteristics of convection and precipitation. The ions in the polar wind are highly dependent on convection electric fields at high latitudes, and their outflow dynamics are modified by the heat input of precipitating electrons in the auroral zone. A new three-dimensional model of the neutral polar wind has been developed which takes into account the convecting ion polar wind and heating due to precipitating electrons in the auroral zone, along with charge exchange between the ion polar wind and the background thermal and geocoronal neutral atoms. The results show that over the polar caps the neutral polar wind particles exhibit extremely large fluxes in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and to a fixed observer it would appear that the neutral polar wind particles are moving in all directions. The results also show that the heating that occurs during geomagnetic storms leads to a significant coupling between the ionosphere and magnetosphere via both ion and neutral particles.

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“…This fact led researchers to propose the existence of a non-thermal population of oxygen atoms, known as hot O. There is considerable in situ evidence for the existence of hot O (Hedin, 1989;Cotton et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most work estimates the effective temperature of hot O to be in the range of 4000 K−6000 K, and the concentration to be about 0.1%−1% of the cold O density at 400 km altitude, (Rohrbaugh and Nisbet, 1973;Shematovich et al, 1994;Oliver, 1997;Litvin and Oliver, 2000). The profile shape of the hot O density has not been determined conclusively; hot O could form a layer shape (Cotton et al, 1993;Schoendorf et al, 2000), it could approximate diffusive equilibrium (Oliver, 1997), or it could form some other type of exponential shape (Yee et al, 1980;Shematovich et al, 1994). Research has shown that hot O can be produced in numerous reactions (Richards et al, 1994;Hickey et al, 1995) and can have a potentially large effect on the energy dynamics of the ionosphere (Oliver, 1997;Alcaydé et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the behavior of hot oxygen ions

Zettergren

Oliver

Blelly³

et al. 2006

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. Photochemical processes in the upper atmosphere are known to create significant amounts of energetic oxygen atoms or "hot O". In this research we simulate the effects of ionized hot oxygen, hot O + , on the ionosphere. We find that hot O + is not able to maintain a temperature substantially above the ambient ion temperature at most altitudes, the exception being around the F-region ion density peak. However, the thermalization of hot O + , due to Coulomb collisions, represents an important heating process for the ambient ions. A time-dependent, fluid-kinetic model of the ionosphere (TRANSCAR) is used to self-consistently simulate hot O + by considering it to be a separate species from O + . A Maxwellian neutral hot O population having characteristics consistent with current knowledge is added to TRANSCAR. The production of the hot O + is then computed by considering ion charge exchange with the neutral hot O population that we have assumed. Loss of hot O + results from these charge exchange reactions and from reactions with molecular atoms.

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Sounding rocket observation of a hot atomic oxygen geocorona

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

NRLMSISE‐00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues

NRLMSISE‐00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues

Global neutral polar wind model

Modeling the behavior of hot oxygen ions

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