Sound Production during the Spawning Season in Cavity-Nesting Darters of the SubgenusCatonotus(Percidae:Etheostoma)

The relationship between ambient noise and dominant frequency of vocalizations in two species of darters (Percidae: Etheostoma)

“…Both E. crossopterum and E. flabellare produced vocalizations that included drums (tonal components), and knocks (pulsed components) during aggression similar to those previously published (Johnston and Johnson 2000). Since very few knocks were recorded for E. flabellare (n<5) only the tonal drums were compared for this study.…”

“…Placement of the hydrophone within a given area was always in a place where flow was low in order to minimize hydrodynamic noises. This placement of the hydrophone is also biologically relevant because darters are benthic and produce sounds from under and around nesting cavities such as the rocks where we recorded (Johnston and Johnson 2000). Ambient noise was recorded for a period of 1 min.…”

“…Darters are small benthic fishes that inhabit shallow freshwater streams. Darters of the subgenus Catonotus have been shown to be vocal during spawning, courtship, and aggression (Johnston and Johnson 2000). This paper compares the aggressive vocalizations of the Fringe Darter (Etheostoma crossopterum), a member of the spottail group of Catonotus (Page et al 1992), and of the Fantail Darter (Etheostoma flabellare), a member of the fantail group (Porterfield et al 1999).…”

Sound production of red grouper Epinephelus morio on the West Florida Shelf

“…Peaks in calling activity have been linked to reproductive behavior in many families, including Pomacentridae (Mann & Lobel 1995), Gobiidae (Malavasi et al 2009), Batrachoididae (McKibben & Bass 1998), Percidae (Johnston & Johnson 2000), Holocentridae (Winn et al 1964) and Sciaenidae (Mok & Gilmore 1983, Connaughton & Taylor 1995. Limited observations of goliath grouper have shown that males produce low-frequency booms during presumed courtship behavior (Colin 1990, Mann et al 2009) whereas red hind males produce low-frequency pulsed sounds during territorial patrols and interactions with females .…”

The role of acoustic cues in the breeding repertoire of the brook stickleback

“…At least 60 species are known to produce a variety of sounds during courtship, aggression, and prey detection through stridulation, grinding, rasping, and rapidly contracting specialized sonic muscles that beat the swimbladder like a drum (reviewed in Zelick et al 1999). Among freshwater fishes, otophysans (Johnston and Johnson 2000b), gobiids (Lugli et al 1996), percids (Johnston and Johnson 2000a), cichlids (Amorim et al, 2003), and centrarchids (Ballantyne and Colgan 1978a, b, c) use sound in some manner. To date, no one has asked whether sound is part of the umwelt of stickleback fishes (Gasterosteidae).…”