“…Similarly, the Lusitanian toadfish (Halobatrachus didactylus), a member of the same family as midshipman (Batrachoididae), does not exhibit seasonal plasticity in saccular thresholds (Vasconcelos et al, 2010). This dichotomy may reflect differences between species that remain on or near their shallow water breeding grounds [Lusitanian toadfish (Amorim et al, 2006); damselfish (Maruska et al, 2007)] and those that migrate from shallow breeding grounds to deeper offshore waters (midshipman) (Sisneros et al, 2004b) where the acoustic cutoff frequency is lower (Bass and Clark, 2003). Although previous studies have shown reproductive-state-related changes in saccular physiology, it was assumed this plasticity was influenced by steroids (Sisneros, 2009) as is the case with saccular afferents (Sisneros et al, 2004a).…”