Sound Lateralization, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis

Poel, J. C. Van Der; Jones, S. J.; Miller, David H.

doi:10.1093/brain/111.6.1453

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Correlation with MRI abnormalities is plausible in some patients but anomalous in others [8], In the present study, the brainstem auditory-evoked responses were normal which suggests that the auditory pathways in the brainstem were not affected. The normal auditory brain stem response may also be due to an increased water content rather than demyelination [8]. The electrodiag nostic tests (electroneurography and needle electromy ography) 3 weeks after the onset of the palsy explore indirectly the entire facial nerve, although electrical stimulation is performed distal to the stylomastoid fora men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

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Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy Simulating Bell’s Palsy in a Case of Probable Multiple Sclerosis with a Clinically Correlated Transient Pontine Lesion on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Jönsson¹,

Thuomas

Stenquist³

et al. 1991

ORL

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A transient pontine lesion was demonstrated in a young adult male who had a complete acute peripheral facial nerve palsy due probably to multiple sclerosis. In the acute stage of the palsy, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a high signal intensity in the ipsilateral pons in the region of the nucleus and pontine part of the facial nerve. The patient recovered completely 5 weeks after the onset of the palsy, and at this stage, the lesion in the brainstem was no longer demonstrable on MRI. The onset and course of the disease resembled the idiopathic form of facial palsy (Bell’s palsy): the present findings along with recent MRI and topodiagnostic studies may indicate that in some cases of Bell’s palsy the primary lesion is located centrally. By improved MRI techniques and intravenous contrast agents it may be possible to visualize and follow the disease process and ascertain more of the pathogenesis of Bell’s palsy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy Simulating Bell’s Palsy in a Case of Probable Multiple Sclerosis with a Clinically Correlated Transient Pontine Lesion on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Jönsson¹,

Thuomas

Stenquist³

et al. 1991

ORL

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“…In both patients who could not utilize interaural time or intensity differences for the discrimination judgments, the BI component was absent. Van der Poel et al (1988) similarly observed that many MS patients have abnormal thresholds for detecting movement of a binaurally fused intracranial image using interaural timing differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Auditory time-intensity cues in the binaural interaction component of the auditory evoked potentials

McPherson

Starr

1995

Hearing Research

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Binaural interaction in the brainstem and middle latency auditory evoked potentials to intensity (dl) and timing differences (dT) between the two ears was studied in 10 normal hearing young adults. A component reflecting binaural interaction in the brainstem potentials occurred at approximately 7 ms and was of largest amplitude when d I and dT were 0. The latency of the binaural interaction component gradually shifted and its amplitude decreased as dl or dT increased and binaural interaction became undetectable when dI = 16 dB or when dT_> 1.6 ms. In the middle latency potentials binaural interaction components peaking at 20, 32, and 45 ms were defined that were also largest when dl and dT = 0. The latency of the interaction did not shift with changes in dT and dl whereas the amplitude gradually decreased but binaural interaction components were still evident even at the largest values of dl (30 dB) and dT (3 ms). Psychophysical judgments of binaural perceptions showed binaural fusion of the stimuli to persist with dT values up to 1.6 ms and that lateralization of the intracranial image was complete when either dT = 1.6 ms or when dl = 16 dB. The results suggest that the presence of a binaural interaction component of auditory brainstem potentials correlates with the fusion of binaural click stimuli and the amplitude of the binaural interaction component correlates inversely with the degree of lateralization of the intracranial image. Binaural interaction components of middle latency potentials persist and continue to change even after the binaural stimuli cannot be fused.

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“…In psychoacoustic tests, subtle defects have been recognised that mostly appear to reflect abnormalities of the subcortical auditory pathways. 44 Abnormalities of interaural time difference discrimination have been frequently reported, particularly in patients with known brainstem lesions, 45 and one study 46 found a large proportion of patients with MS who experienced difficulties with a task designed to test the temporal precedence effect in sound localisation. It is understandable that these defects are frequently associated with abnormalities of short latency AEPs, in which the measured conduction delays are of the same order as the temporal discrimination deficit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological evidence for a defect in the processing of temporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis

Jones

Sprague²,

Pato³

2002

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

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Objectives: To assess the processing of spectrotemporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis by using auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to complex harmonic tones. Methods: 22 patients with definite multiple sclerosis but mild disability and no auditory complaints were compared with 15 normal controls. Short latency AEPs were recorded using standard methods. Long latency AEPs were recorded to synthesised musical instrument tones, at onset every two seconds, at abrupt frequency changes every two seconds, and at the end of a two second period of 16/s frequency changes. The subjects were inattentive but awake, reading irrelevant material. Results: Short latency AEPs were abnormal in only 4 of 22 patients, whereas long latency AEPs were abnormal to one or more stimuli in 17 of 22. No significant latency prolongation was seen in response to onset and infrequent frequency changes (P1, N1, P2) but the potentials at the end of 16/s frequency modulations, particularly the P2 peaking approximately 200 ms after the next expected change, were significantly delayed. Conclusion:The delayed responses appear to be a mild disorder in the processing of change in temporal sound patterns. The delay may be conceived of as extra time taken to compare the incoming sound with the contents of a temporally ordered sensory memory store (the long auditory store or echoic memory), which generates a response when the next expected frequency change fails to occur. The defect cannot be ascribed to lesions of the afferent pathways and so may be due to disseminated brain lesions visible or invisible on magnetic resonance imaging.A large proportion of patients with established multiple sclerosis (MS) have lesions of central auditory pathways, which can be shown by using short latency auditory evoked potentials (AEPs).1 Abnormalities are also often observed in long latency event related potentials (ERPs). These, however, cannot usually be ascribed to afferent pathway lesions but presumably to localised or diffuse lesions within the brain.2 Most patients in the advanced stages of MS exhibit some degree of cognitive impairment.3 Minor cognitive deficits have also been noted in the early stages, for example, in the performance of verbal memory and abstract reasoning tasks. 4 In a group of mildly affected MS patients whose clinical symptoms were entirely attributable to disease of the spinal cord, the P3 component of the ERP was yet found to be significantly altered as compared with control subjects during performance of auditory and visual working memory tasks. 5 An earlier ERP component reflecting short term memory processes is the mismatch negativity. 6 This potential is elicited automatically (that is, not requiring the conscious attention of the subject) by discrete sounds that differ in some respect from the preceding sequence of sounds. The mismatch negativity appears to depend on retention of the sounds in a sensory memory store, the long auditory store or echoic memory, which decays over a period of a few seconds. 7 The chief distinction betwe...

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Sound Lateralization, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy Simulating Bell’s Palsy in a Case of Probable Multiple Sclerosis with a Clinically Correlated Transient Pontine Lesion on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy Simulating Bell’s Palsy in a Case of Probable Multiple Sclerosis with a Clinically Correlated Transient Pontine Lesion on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Auditory time-intensity cues in the binaural interaction component of the auditory evoked potentials

Electrophysiological evidence for a defect in the processing of temporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis

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