Sorption of Carbofuran and Diuron Pesticides in 43 Tropical Soils of Sri Lanka

Liyanage, J.A.; Watawala, R. C.; Aravinna, A G Piyal; Smith, Lester; Kookana, Rai S.

doi:10.1021/jf052021o

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows that K d across all samples was strongly correlated with the soil C content (r 2 = 0.71, significance level 0.001). The relationship between K d for diuron and C content is consistent with the findings of others [14,18]. Sorption coefficients normalized for organic C content (K OC ) were calculated and these are also presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Sorption coefficients normalized for organic C content (K OC ) were calculated and these are also presented in Table 1. The average K OC value across all of the soils was 723 Lkg -1 , which is higher than the average diuron K OC values reported in previous studies [13,14,18,20,22]. However, the average for the A11 horizons of 487 Lkg -1 is quite consistent with these literature values and represents a more meaningful comparison given that most literature values are for topsoils.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Role of the chemistry of soil organic matter on the sorption of diuron

Ahangar¹,

Smernik²,

Kookana³

2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The influence of organic matter chemistry on the sorption of diuron to soils collected from a small (2 ha) field was investigated. Organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficients (K OC ), determined by batch sorption, varied between 405 and 598 Lkg -1 amongst 10 A11 horizons, and between 547 and 975 Lkg -1 amongst 10 matching A12 horizons. In all cases K OC was greater for the A12 horizon than the corresponding A11 horizon by 27-81%. Organic matter chemistry of the A11 and A12 horizons was determined using solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. K OC was positively correlated with aryl C (r 2 = 0.61, significance level 0.001) and negatively correlated with O-alkyl C (r 2 = 0.88, significance level <0.001) as a single factor and as a combination of both we also propose A index (r 2 = 0.65, significance level 0.001). Little change in soil mineralogy across a very small field led to diminished organic matter and clay mineral interactions, allowing the effect of organic matter chemistry on K OC to be clearly seen.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Role of the chemistry of soil organic matter on the sorption of diuron

Ahangar¹,

Smernik²,

Kookana³

2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…Results of the current study showed that K d and K oc values strongly correlated with soil organic carbon. This result was in agreement with Hance (25), Grover (26), Liyanage et al (27), Wang and Keller (28) and Umali et al (6) findings, which reported consistent relationships between K d for diuron and carbon content. Wang and Keller (28) assessed diuron and atrazine sorption to soil particles in different sizes for four soils and one sediment in Santa Barbara, California, The USA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Predicting Soil Sorption Coefficients of an Environmental Pollutant Herbicide (Diuron) Using a Neural Network Model

Ahangar

Shabani

2014

Health Scope

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Background: A wide range of groundwater and soil pollutions -due to diuron herbicide -have resulted in intensive studies on their effects and transport in the environment. Modeling of sorption coefficients is an effective technique to investigate the effects and behavior of environmental pollutants such as diuron. Objectives:The purpose of the current study was to present an exact model with minimum required inputs, to predict the soil sorption coefficients (K d ) and the soil organic carbon sorption coefficients (K oc ) of diuron, in order to eliminate the need for time-consuming and costly laboratory experiments. Intelligent models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to achieve this objective. Materials and Methods: Data of this study were driven from the sorption studies, carried out on soils from a paddock under pasture at Flaxley Agriculture Centre, Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia. Results: The multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural networks (ANN) model with 1-6-1 layout, predicted nearly 98% of the variance of K d as well as 94% of the K oc variations with soil organic carbon content. Conclusions: Results showed that ANN is a powerful tool for predicting sorption coefficients using soil organic carbon content variations.

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“…(Yen et al, 1997) The data in Table 17 suggest that low sorption values are the result of inadequate testing. However, for another 43 tropical soils, Kd and Koc (L.kg -1 ) values for carbofuran determined with a batch method (only one concentration tested) were reported (Liyanage et al, 2006). The soil-water ratio was 5:10.…”

Section: Ept With Parathionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The usefulness of total concentrations and pore water concentrations of pesticides in soil as metrics for the assessment of ecotoxicological effects ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)

2009

EFS2

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SUMMARYThe European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked its Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR Panel) for an opinion regarding the relative utility of total concentration and pore water concentration as exposure metrics in the assessment of ecotoxicological risks from pesticides and their metabolites in soil.The PPR Panel has reviewed the relevant available scientific literature on effect assessment and bioaccumulation for plants and soil invertebrates. The literature search resulted in 137 hits which needed further consideration and which were supplemented by relevant literature published before 2000 already known by the working group experts.Based on this literature review on effect assessment, the PPR Panel concludes that for softbodied soil organisms (earthworms, enchytraeids, nematodes) and plants in close contact with the soil solution, pore water mediated uptake of pesticides seems mainly responsible for the effects caused, and would therefore be the relevant metric for effects assessment, and consequently also for exposure assessment. For hard-bodied soil organisms in close contact with the soil solution, less scientific evidence is available, but the evidence found for Collembola generally supports the conclusion arrived at for soft-bodied soil organisms. However, for a number of relevant soil taxa with different life and feeding strategies (e.g. mites and isopods), no information is available. For these organisms, additional routes of uptake (e.g. The usefulness of total concentrations and pore water concentrations of pesticides in soil as metrics for the assessment of ecotoxicological effectsThe EFSA Journal (2009) 922, 2-90 feed, contact with substrates in soil and litter) may need to be considered for terrestrial risk assessment.The PPR Panel is of the opinion that pore water is the driving factor for uptake and toxicity of pesticides for the particular species used in the current test guidelines (i.e. earthworms, Collembola, plants, microorganisms). In these tests, the actual measurement of concentrations is recommended regardless of the metric.The PPR Panel recognises that exposure assessments based on pore water could be more complicated than the current approach. It is therefore pertinent to consider whether it would materially alter the outcome of the risk assessment. The Panel examined the only three available examples and concluded that these were insufficient to reach a general conclusion on whether using pore water concentrations would make a difference. However, independent of the pesticide concentration metric used in exposure assessments, the PPR Panel has identified more important issues regarding terrestrial risk assessment that need to be resolved.-The desired level of protection goals, serving as the basis of the whole risk assessment process, needs to be defined by risk managers.-All exposure routes (pore water, food, contact), considering the habitat structure (soil depth, litter layer), as well as the organisms' vertical, horizontal, and temporal distributi...

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Sorption of Carbofuran and Diuron Pesticides in 43 Tropical Soils of Sri Lanka

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Role of the chemistry of soil organic matter on the sorption of diuron

Role of the chemistry of soil organic matter on the sorption of diuron

Predicting Soil Sorption Coefficients of an Environmental Pollutant Herbicide (Diuron) Using a Neural Network Model

The usefulness of total concentrations and pore water concentrations of pesticides in soil as metrics for the assessment of ecotoxicological effects ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)

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