Sorghum production systems and constraints, and coping strategies under drought-prone agro-ecologies of Ethiopia

Amelework, Beyene; Shimelis, Hussein; Tongoona, Pangirayi; Mengistu, Fentahun; Laing, Mark; Ayele, Dawit Getnet

doi:10.1080/02571862.2016.1143043

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Farmers' knowledge, here measured as knowing which wheat variety they were growing (variable 3), was the outstanding factor influencing the performance of the crop, thereby affecting economic sustainability ( Table 5). Lack of knowledge in this regard resulted in less good general performance of the crop, increased signs of drought effects, and increased levels of weed and diseases (variables 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20), all factors known to be correlated with decreased yield (Waddington et al, 2010;Amelework et al, 2016). Lack of knowledge was also related to low levels of crop rotation, indicating that farmers with little knowledge of the variety they were growing also lacked knowledge about the benefits of increased and secure yield through crop rotation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints and Perspectives for Sustainable Wheat Production in Tajikistan

Husenov

Отамбекова

Mumınjanov

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints and Perspectives for Sustainable Wheat Production in Tajikistan

Husenov

Отамбекова

Mumınjanov

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…Sorghum production is, therefore, important to sustain food security of the nation [65]. Sorghum is the second most important cereal crop after tef [66]. Empirical evidence, however, suggests that rainfed farming of sorghum is vulnerable to droughts.…”

Section: Trends Across Ethiopia During Meher Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ethiopia, sorghum is mostly grown as a long-season crop and is planted late in Belg and harvested near the end of Meher; therefore, its yield can be affected by droughts in both these seasons. As with other cereals, droughts during the grain-filling stage have been shown to critically affect sorghum production [66]. Recent research has indicated that droughts during the early part of Meher (June/July), when sorghum plants are in rapid growth stages, can also have a serious impact on crop sustainability and yields that cannot be compensated by rainfall at other times [67].…”

Section: Trends Across Ethiopia During Meher Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farmers in Ethiopia generally recognize the robustness of sorghum to withstand dry conditions, especially in comparison to other cereal crops. They also know that the crop yields are sensitive to water deficits during critical growth stages and, therefore, tend to use indigenous drought-tolerant landraces that tend to mature early but generate lower yields [66]. Nearly all of the cultivable land has been exploited and put into production in Ethiopia [68].…”

Section: Trends Across Ethiopia During Meher Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Drought Trends in Ethiopia with Implications for Dryland Agriculture

Temam

Uddameri

Mohammadi

et al. 2019

Water

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Intraseason and seasonal drought trends in Ethiopia were studied using a suite of drought indicators—standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) and Z-index for Meher (long-rainy), Bega (dry), and Belg (short-rainy) seasons—to identify drought-causing mechanisms. Trend analysis indicated shifts in late-season Meher precipitation into Bega in the southwest and southcentral portions of Ethiopia. Droughts during Bega (October–January) are largely temperature controlled. Short-term temperature-controlled hydrologic processes exacerbate rainfall deficits during Belg (February–May) and highlight the importance of temperature- and hydrology-induced soil dryness on production of short-season crops such as tef. Droughts during Meher (June–September) are largely driven by precipitation declines arising from the narrowing of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Increased dryness during Meher has severe consequences on the production of corn and sorghum. PDSI is an aggressive indicator of seasonal droughts suggesting the low natural resilience to combat the effects of slow-acting, moisture-depleting hydrologic processes. The lack of irrigation systems in the nation limits the ability to combat droughts and improve agricultural resilience. There is an urgent need to monitor soil moisture (a key agro-hydrologic variable) to better quantify the impacts of meteorological droughts on agricultural systems in Ethiopia.

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“…Groundnut is a rich source of oil (45-56%), protein (25-30%), carbohydrates (9.5-19.0%), minerals (P, Ca, Mg, and K), and non-availability of improved varieties in Tanzania. In Ethiopia, sorghum researchers used PRA tools and indicated the important sorghum production constraints to be moisture stress, insect pests, Striga, shortage of agricultural land, poor soil fertility, diseases, and lack of improved varieties possessing farmerpreferred traits (Amelework et al 2016;Derese et al 2017;Mengistu et al 2018). However, in the major groundnut-production belts of eastern Ethiopia, there is no recent study documenting farmers' perceived production constraints, and marketand farmer-preferred traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers’ perceived constraints to groundnut production, their variety choice and preferred traits in eastern Ethiopia: implications for drought-tolerance breeding

Abady

Shimelis

Janila

2019

Journal of Crop Improvement

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Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important food and cash crop globally. The eastern region of Ethiopia is known for its groundnut production despite the low productivity attributable to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses and socioeconomic constraints. The objective of this study was to assess farmers' perceived production constraints, variety choice, and preferred traits of groundnut in eastern Ethiopia to guide future groundnut variety development and release. Participatory rural appraisal studies were conducted in two major groundnut-producing districts (Babile and Fedis) in eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire, transect walks, and focus group discussions. All respondent farmers widely cultivated local or obsolete, introduced varieties because of a lack of seed of modern groundnut cultivars. Ninety percent of respondents reported drought stress, mainly occurring during the flowering stage, as the leading constraint to groundnut production. Other groundnut production constraints included poor soil fertility (reported by 88% of respondents), lack of access to improved seed (67%), pre-harvest diseases (59.5%), use of low yielding varieties (52.5%), inadequate access to extension services (41.5%), limited access to credit (21.5%), and limited availability of improved varieties (18.5). Farmer-preferred traits included high shelled yield (reported by 27.67% of respondents), early maturity (16.84%), tolerance to drought stress (13.67%), market value (11.17%), good seed quality (10%), adaptability to local growing conditions (5.8%), and resistance to diseases (5.17%). Therefore, the aforementioned production constraints and farmer-preferred traits are key drivers that need to be integrated into groundnut breeding and variety release programs in eastern Ethiopia.

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Sorghum production systems and constraints, and coping strategies under drought-prone agro-ecologies of Ethiopia

Cited by 41 publications

References 8 publications

Constraints and Perspectives for Sustainable Wheat Production in Tajikistan

Constraints and Perspectives for Sustainable Wheat Production in Tajikistan

Long-Term Drought Trends in Ethiopia with Implications for Dryland Agriculture

Farmers’ perceived constraints to groundnut production, their variety choice and preferred traits in eastern Ethiopia: implications for drought-tolerance breeding

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