Sorbed phosphate at standard supernatant concentration as an estimate of the phosphate needs of soils

Beckwith, RS

doi:10.1071/ea9650052

Cited by 119 publications

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“…The current study revealed that the recommended P fertilizer of 26 kg P ha -1 for maize production (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1994) was not adequate for optimum maize production at all these sites. This was because it could only supply at most 11.6 mg kg -1 which was much below soils P sorption capacities of 107 to 402 mg P kg -1 (Figure 1) required to obtain the recommended solution concentration of 0.2 mg L -1 that is considered adequate for most crops (Beckwith, 1965). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its importance, several tests have been developed for soil available P determination; however, they do not provide information on soil P sorption capacities (Fixen & Grove, 1990). Therefore, P sorption isotherms which relate P concentration in soil solution to soil sorbed P have been developed to predict P fertilizer requirements for crops (Beckwith, 1965;Fox & Kamprath, 1970). The most widely used model to predict relationships between fixed and solution P is the Langmuir equation (Cabrera et al, 1977;Ryden & Syers, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus Sorption and Lime Requirements of Maize Growing Acid Soils of Kenya

Kisinyo¹,

Othieno²,

Gudu³

et al. 2013

SAR

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In Kenya, maize (Zea mays L.) is mainly grown on acid soils in high rainfall areas. These soils are known for low available phosphorus (P), partly due to its sorption by aluminium (Al) and iron oxides. The study determined soil P sorption, lime requirements and the effects of lime on soil pH, Al levels and available P on the main maize growing acids soils in the highlands east and west of Rift Valley (RV), Kenya. Burnt lime containing 21% calcium oxide was used. The soils were strongly to extremely acid (pH 4.85-4.07), had high exchangeable Al 3+ (> 2 cmol Al kg -1 ) and Al saturation (> 20% Al), which most maize germplasm grown in Kenya are sensitive to. The base cations, cation exchange capacity and available P (< 10 mg P kg -1 bicarbonate extractable P) were low, except at one site in the highlands east of RV indicative with history of high fertilizer applications. Highlands east of RV soils had higher P sorption (343-402 mg P kg -1 ) than the west (107-258 mg P kg -1), probably because of their high Al 3+ ions and also the energies of bonding between the soil colloids and phosphate ions. Highlands east of RV also had higher lime requirements (11.4-21.9 tons lime ha -1 ) than the west (5.3-9.8 tons lime ha -1 ). Due to differences in soil acidity, Al levels and P sorption capacities within and between highlands east and west of RV, blanket P fertilizer and lime recommendations may not serve all soils equally well.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Sorption and Lime Requirements of Maize Growing Acid Soils of Kenya

Kisinyo¹,

Othieno²,

Gudu³

et al. 2013

SAR

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“…The amount of P that needs to be added to bring soil to an equilibrium solution concentration of 0.2 ttg P ml 1 has been suggested as the basis for characterising the P adsorption capacity of soils. This concentration is based on the suggestion made by Beckwith [1] that this equilibrium P concentration (0.2/zgPml -) in solution cultures was adequate for optimum growth of many crops [15]. However, at times this approach of equilibrium P solution concentration may over-estimate the P requirement of soils and generalization would be hazardous [4].…”

Section: Phosphorus Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption and desorption of phosphate in some semi-arid tropical Indian Vertisols

Shailaja

Sahrawat

1990

Fertilizer Research

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Adsorption and desorption of phosphorus in soils are among the key processes governing its availability to crops. There have been very few studies on the phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of Vertisols. The P adsorption and desorption characteristics of four Vertisols belonging to three agriculturally important soil series were studied. The amounts of P adsorbed by the soils at 0.2/xg ml -I equilibrium solution P concentration was low and ranged from 34.3 to 79.5/xg g-1 soil. The phosphate adsorption was very well described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The P adsorbed by a Vertisol (BR-1) fertilized with different rates of P in the previous season (0, 10, 20 and 40 kg P ha -1) was similar (34.3-41.3/xgg -1 soil) indicating little effect of fertilization on P adsorption. The correlation studies indicated that the DTPA-extractable Fe was the most important factor accounting for P adsorption in these soils. Clay and CaCO 3 content were found to be relatively less important factors affecting P adsorption in the soils studied.The capacity of the two extractants and EUF (electro-ultrafiltration) to desorb the adsorbed P followed the order: EUF (400V, 80°C)> sodium bicarbonate > EUF (200V, 20°C)> calcium chloride. The average amounts of P desorbed from the four Vertisols using these methods were 74, 63, 50, and 3% respectively of the adsorbed P. In the Begamganj soil, the amount of P desorbed by EUF (400V, 80°C) exceeded 100%, indicating that all of the adsorbed P was desorbable including some native P.In conclusion the results of our study show that the Vertisols studied have low phosphate adsorption capacity and that the P they adsorbed is easily desorbable.

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“…However, P in soil solution is not the only source available to plants, because as absorption occurs, solution P is constantly replenished by dissolution of labile P, which maintains the balance of P in soil solution (Raij, 2011). Studies have shown that the determination of P in solution, which varies according to the characteristics of each soil, is not a good single indicator of P availability to plants, (Beckwith, 1965;Smyth & Sanchez, 1980;Novais et al, 2007). Still, further research on P in nutrient solution is important to understand the development pattern of the plant and evaluate the influence of P on the other nutrients, since the growth-stimulating P concentrations in nutrient solution are usually higher than the P levels in the soil solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, dry matter accumulation and partitioning and phosphorus use efficiency of potato grown at different phosphorus levels in nutrient solution

Fernandes

Soratto

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYHigh rates of phosphate fertilizers are applied to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), which may cause antagonistic interactions with other nutrients and limit crop yields when over-supplied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of phosphorus (P) levels in nutrient solution on P use efficiency, nutritional status and dry matter (DM) accumulation and partitioning of potato plants cv. Ágata. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of seven P levels in nutrient solution (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, and 48 mg L -1 ). Plants were harvested after 28 days of growth in nutrient solution, and separated in roots, stems and leaves for evaluations. The treatment effects were analyzed by regression analysis. Phosphorus levels of up to 8 mg L -1 increased the root and shoot DM accumulation, but drastically decreased the root/shoot ratio of potato cv. Ágata. Higher P availability increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, but decreased P use efficiency. Higher P levels increased the N, P, Mg, Fe, and Mn concentrations in roots considerably and decreased K, S, Cu, and Zn concentrations. In shoot biomass, N, P, K, and Ca concentrations were significantly increased by P applied in solution, unlike Mg and Cu concentrations. Although higher P levels (> 8 mg L -1 ) in nutrient solution increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, the DM accumulation and partitioning of potato cv. Ágata were not affected.Termos de indexação: Solanum tuberosum, dry matter, mineral nutrition, nutrient interaction.(1) Received for publication in November 11, 2011 and approved in July 16, 2012.

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Sorbed phosphate at standard supernatant concentration as an estimate of the phosphate needs of soils

Cited by 119 publications

References 0 publications

Phosphorus Sorption and Lime Requirements of Maize Growing Acid Soils of Kenya

Phosphorus Sorption and Lime Requirements of Maize Growing Acid Soils of Kenya

Adsorption and desorption of phosphate in some semi-arid tropical Indian Vertisols

Nutrition, dry matter accumulation and partitioning and phosphorus use efficiency of potato grown at different phosphorus levels in nutrient solution

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