Sophoraflavanone G from Sophora pachycarpa Enhanced the Antibacterial Activity of Gentamycin against Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

In this study the enhancement effect of Sophora pachycarpa roots' acetone extract on the antibacterial activity of gentamycin was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus. Disc diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity of gentamycin in the absence and presence of plant extract and its various fractions separated by TLC. A clinical isolate of S. aureus was used as test strain. The active component of the plant extract involved in enhancement of gentamycin's activity had R f = 0.72 on a TLC plate. The spectral data ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR) of this compound revealed that this compound was 5,7,2Ј,4Ј-tetrahydroxy-8-lavandulylflavanone (sophoraflavanone G), previously isolated from Sophora exigua. In the presence of 0.03 μg/ mL of sophoraflavanone G the MIC value of gentamycin for S. aureus decreased from 32 to 8 μg/mL (a fourfold decrease). These results signify that the ultra-low concentration of sophoraflavanone G potentiates the antimicrobial action of gentamycin suggesting a possible utilization of this compound in combination therapy against Staphylococcus aureus.

Ethnobotany and the Role of Plant Natural Products in Antibiotic Drug Discovery

“…Harborne et al 241 Sophoraflavanone G (39) is a flavanone isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens Aiton (Fabaceae) and other Sophora species. 242,243 Biosynthesis of sophoraflavanone G is thought to occur in plastids and begin in the pathway for isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DOXP), 244 with the final 2′-hydroxylation being catalyzed by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase at the endoplasmic reticulum. 245 Sophoraflavanone G was reported by Chan et al 41 to have high activity against S. aureus.…”

Herbal Extract Incorporated Nanofiber Fabricated by an Electrospinning Technique and its Application to Antimicrobial Air Filtration

“…The HEI nanofiber filter with 6.11% of the herbal extract concentration showed a ∼99.98% bacterial inactivation rate. Previous studies also showed that the antimicrobial activity of filters increased with the quantity of S. flavescens nanoparticles deposited on the filter surface. , The major chemical compounds in S. flavescens extract have biological activities: sophoraflavanone G displays antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, , whereas kurarinone induces apoptosis in tumor cells and exhibits antioxidant and phytoestrogenic effects. − …”

Suppression of inflammation-induced lung cancer cells proliferation and metastasis by exiguaflavanone A and exiguaflavanone B from Sophora exigua root extract through NLRP3 inflammasome pathway inhibition

“…Exiguaflavanones, specifically flavanones, which are a subclass of flavonoids, are known for their diverse chemical structures and various biological activities (Ruangrungsi et al, 1992;Boozari et al, 2019;Abd-Alla et al, 2021). Flavanones have been studied for their potential health benefits and medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities (Tsuchiya et al, 1996;Fakhimi et al, 2006;Kaewdana et al, 2021). In the root of Sophora exigua, a plant known for its medicinal properties, two important flavanone compounds called Exiguaflavanone A (EGF-A) and exiguaflavanone (EGF-B) can be found.…”

“…S. exigua root extract exhibited antioxidant and antimalarial properties in plasmodium berghei-infected mice (Kaewdana et al, 2021). The root extract of S. exigua has demonstrated antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), indicating its potential in combating this antibiotic-resistant bacterial strain (Tsuchiya et al, 1996;Fakhimi et al, 2006). In Folk medicine, it is used in the treatment of fever and inflammation (Sukkasem et al, 2016).…”