Soot concentration and temperature measurements in co-annular, nonpremixed CH/air laminar flames at pressures up to 4 MPa

Solution of Abel’s Integral Equation Using Tikhonov Regularization

“…where ε(σ, µ) is a random error characterized by a Gaussian distribution with σ = 0.01 and µ = 0, which is consistent with errors found in experimentally-determined projection data [14]. This level of error is also much larger than the error caused by truncation in the numerical integration algorithm.…”

“…In order to demonstrate the use of Tikhonov regularization as a deconvolution method, it is applied to invert simulated experimental data based on laser attenuation measurements of the soot-volume fraction distribution within an axisymmetric flame estimated [14]. The field variable distribution is a piecewise function f(r) composed of two 4 th -order polynomials that has a shape resembling the normalized experimental data; the curve has the properties f′(0) = 0, f(1) = 0, Max[f(r)] = 1, and is at least C 1 continuous over its domain.…”

Development of an Experimental Database and Kinetic Models for Surrogate Diesel Fuels

“…Experiments must be conducted at a range of pressures, as soot formation processes are pressure dependent. Reasonable initial venues include flame burners enclosed in high-pressure combustion chambers, where soot volume and temperature are measured by use of the spectral soot emission diagnostic and line-of-sight attenuation technique [150,151]. Additionally, soot formation has been analyzed with laser-induced incandescence and continuous-wave laser extinction techniques from experiments of benzene oxidation conducted in shock tubes [152] and from actual diesel injector sprays at representative engine temperatures and pressures [153].…”

Measurement of the spatially distributed temperature and soot loadings in a laminar diffusion flame using a Cone-Beam Tomography technique

“…Spatial soot distributions have been measured using 2D line-of-sight light attenuation (LOSA) and 2D tomographic soot spectrometry. The precision of the CARS measurement was estimated at around ±25-50 K at the flame height of 30 mm [5]; the precision of the 2D LOSA was estimated at around 20-30% and that of the 2D tomographic soot spectrometry was around 35-45% [30]. The ethylene flow rate in their experiment is also 194 mL/min, but the air flow rate without a chimney is 284 L/min, which is higher than our current experimental setup.…”