“…Drugs prescribed to treat depression, such as paroxetine, fluoxetine, and imipramine, alter brain- and mitochondrial-type creatine kinases in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum (Agostinho et al, 2009; Assis et al, 2009; Santos et al, 2009), areas of the brain known to be involved with depression (Drevets et al, 2008; Maletic et al, 2007). Additionally, antidepressant drugs increase creatine and phosphocreatine concentrations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in animal models of depression (Kim et al, 2010; Czéh et al, 2001; Michael-Titus et al, 2008). It is hypothesized that increased phosphocreatine stores and creatine kinase activity attenuate metabolic impairments associated with depression by increasing the rate of ATP replenishment and accordingly improving neuronal integrity or function (Agostinho et al, 2009; Kim et al, 2010; Santos et al, 2009).…”