Sonoluminescence of aqueous solutions of lanthanide salts

Шарипов, Г. Л.; Gainetdinov, Raul R.; Abdrakhmanov, A. M.

doi:10.1023/b:rucb.0000009640.25570.49

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The photons and the "hot" particles produced inside the bubble enable exciting the nonvolatile species in solutions, thus increasing their chemical reactivity. For example, power ultrasound enables the excitation of lanthanide ions [51,52] and uranyl UO 2 2+ ions [53] in aqueous acidic solutions. The mechanism of excitation involves two stages: sonophotoluminescence (excitation with photons emitted by collapsing bubble) dominates in diluted solutions, and collisional excitation with "hot" particles would add its contribution at higher metal ions concentration.…”

Section: Activating Molecules Ions and Solids With Acoustic Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Formation during Acoustic Cavitation: Toward a New Paradigm for Sonochemistry

Nikitenko

2014

Advances in Physical Chemistry

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The most recent spectroscopic studies of single bubble (SBSL) and multibubble (MBSL) sonoluminescence reveal that the origin of extreme intrabubble conditions is related to nonequilibrium plasma formed inside the collapsing bubbles. Analysis of the relative populations of OH(A 2 Σ + ) vibrational states observed during MBSL in water saturated with noble gases shows that in the presence of argon at low ultrasonic frequency weakly excited plasma is formed. At high-frequency ultrasound the plasma inside the collapsing bubbles exhibits Treanor behavior typical for strong vibrational excitation. Plasma formation during SBSL was observed in concentrated H 2 SO 4 preequilibrated with Ar. The light emission spectra exhibit the lines from excited Ar atoms and ionized oxygen O 2 + . Formation of O 2 + species is inconsistent with any thermal process. Furthermore, the SBSL spectra in H 2 SO 4 show emission lines from Xe + , Kr + , and Ar + in full agreement with plasma hypothesis. The photons and the "hot" particles generated by cavitation bubbles enable the excitation of nonvolatile species in solutions increasing their chemical reactivity. Secondary sonochemical products may arise from chemically active species that are formed inside the bubble but then diffuse into the liquid phase and react with solution precursors to form a variety of products.

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Section: Activating Molecules Ions and Solids With Acoustic Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Formation during Acoustic Cavitation: Toward a New Paradigm for Sonochemistry

Nikitenko

2014

Advances in Physical Chemistry

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“…Lanthanide can incor porate into the bubbles only in concentrated solutions and, hence, the MBSL of terbium is noticeable beginning from the concentration of 0.05 mol L -1 , whereas the SPL of cerium is observed at the concentration 10 -3 mol L -1 . 1 The detailed mechanism of the intrabubble excitation of the Ln 3+ ions has not earlier 1 been discussed.In the present work, we studied the effect of argon on the MBSL of solutions of CeCl 3 , TbCl 3 , and DyCl 3 to reveal possible routes of its influence on the intensity of the characteristic luminescence of Ln 3+ excited through dif ferent mechanisms. …”

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“…1 For CeCl 3 , whose photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield in water is ~1, 2 the appearance of the Ce 3+ band in the spectrum of multibubble sonolumines cence (MBSL) is caused by sonophotoluminescence (SPL), viz., the re emission of the absorbed part of the continuum by cerium aqua ions in the bulk of the solution from the gas phase of cavitation bubbles generated upon acoustic radiation. For TbCl 3 and DyCl 3 , whose PL yields are lower than that of CeCl 3 , the absorption of the solvent luminescence is less considerable and the contribution of SPL to the MBSL intensity is insignificant.…”

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Effect of argon on the multibubble sonoluminescence of cerium, terbium, and dysprosium trichlorides

2008

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The ultrasonic (20 kHz) multibubble sonoluminescence spectra of aqueous air or argon saturated solutions of CeCl 3 , TbCl 3 , and DyCl 3 were obtained. Saturation with argon leads to the intensity redistribution in the spectrum of the continuum with an increase in its short wavelength part and increases the intensity of the characteristic emission of Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ due to the enhancement of the sonophotoluminescence intensity, i.e., the re emission of the ab sorbed part of the continuum by these ions. The Ce 3+ , Tb 3+ , and Dy 3+ ions quench the OH* emission at 310 nm with a qualitative correlation between the degree of quenching and the standard redox potentials of the pairs Ln IV /Ln III .The characteristic luminescence of the Ln 3+ ions ob served in the sonolysis of air saturated solutions of lan thanide chlorides against the solvent continuum is due to two mechanisms. 1 For CeCl 3 , whose photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield in water is ~1, 2 the appearance of the Ce 3+ band in the spectrum of multibubble sonolumines cence (MBSL) is caused by sonophotoluminescence (SPL), viz., the re emission of the absorbed part of the continuum by cerium aqua ions in the bulk of the solution from the gas phase of cavitation bubbles generated upon acoustic radiation. For TbCl 3 and DyCl 3 , whose PL yields are lower than that of CeCl 3 , the absorption of the solvent luminescence is less considerable and the contribution of SPL to the MBSL intensity is insignificant. The appear ance of the lines from Tb 3+ and Dy 3+ , like the continuum, is caused by the electronic excitation of the sonolumines cence emitters inside the bubbles. Lanthanide can incor porate into the bubbles only in concentrated solutions and, hence, the MBSL of terbium is noticeable beginning from the concentration of 0.05 mol L -1 , whereas the SPL of cerium is observed at the concentration 10 -3 mol L -1 . 1 The detailed mechanism of the intrabubble excitation of the Ln 3+ ions has not earlier 1 been discussed.In the present work, we studied the effect of argon on the MBSL of solutions of CeCl 3 , TbCl 3 , and DyCl 3 to reveal possible routes of its influence on the intensity of the characteristic luminescence of Ln 3+ excited through dif ferent mechanisms. ExperimentalBidistilled water and the salts LnCl 3 •6Н 2 О (reagent grade) were used. The procedure of recording the MBSL spectra for air saturated solutions has been described previously. 1 The solutions were saturated with argon by passing it for 45 min, then the spectra were recorded for 2 min. It was found in special experi ments that the MBSL intensity changed negligibly due to degas sing of the solution (10 mL) during this time, when applying sonication with a frequency of 20 kHz and power of 30 W. The spectra obtained with a resolution of 20 nm are given with out corrections to the spectral sensitivity of the detecting system, viz., the monochromator of an Aminco-Bowman J4 8202 spec trofluorimeter and a Hamamatsu 1P28 photomultiplier. When comparing intensities in different spectral regions, cor...

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“…12 The experimental setup is similar to that described earlier. 11 Sonoluminescence spectra were recorded on an AMINCO BOWMAN spectrofluorimetric technique with a HAMAMATSU 1P28 photomultiplier tube (PMT). To obtain acoustic oscillations, an ACE GLASS ultrasonic generator with a titanium waveguide (length 130 mm, diameter 6 mm, and working frequency 20 kHz) equipped with a sensor of the emit ted acoustic power was used.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sonoluminescence of aqueous solution of gadolinium chloride

2005

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A line of the Gd III ion was detected at 311 nm in the multibubble sonoluminescence spectrum of a concentrated (1 mol L -1 ) solution of gadolinium chloride. A comparison with the earlier studied sonoluminescence of the Ce III and Tb III ions shows that the Gd III ion is excited in the volume and/or on the surface of cavitation bubbles upon collisions with "hot" particles. The efficiency of excitation of the lanthanide ions via this mechanism depends on the type of electron transition. For the same energy of the excited state, the efficiency of Gd III excitation (f-f transition) exceeds by at least 50 times that of Ce III excitation (f-d transition).Sonolysis and sonoluminescence (SL) are being stud ied for a long time. However, mechanisms of many pro cesses accompanying the appearance of cavitation gas vapor bubbles in the liquid upon ultrasonication remain unclear. 1 The characteristic emission lines of dissolved metal compounds have previously 2-8 been found in the SL spectra, indicating their excitation upon sonolysis of the aqueous solutions. However, this phenomenon is de scribed in general features only.It is believed 2 that at low concentrations (10 -4 -10 -3 mol L -1 ) additives are excited due to chemiluminescence reactions involving sonolysis products in bubbles of water molecules that get into the solution volume. At high con centrations (>0.1 mol L -1 ), the additives get into gas bubbles and are excited similarly to water molecules, i.e., due to inelastic collisions with other particles in the gas eous phase heated to high temperature ((3-5)•10 3 K). 8 Neither the role of a traditional optical mechanism, viz., re emission by additives after absorption (mainly in the UV region) of the luminescence of water molecules, nor the role of factors affecting the efficiency of inner bubble excitation and luminescence of the additives are considered in the above mentioned works. 2-8 Although states with any quantum numbers can be excited upon collisions of electrons, ions, atoms, and molecules, 9 un like optical transitions, the efficiency (cross section) of excitation depends on both the energy (including the en ergy of the formed excited state) and quantum states of these particles. Both the intrinsic (determined by intramo lecular processes) quantum yield of luminescence and different reactions of quenching by the sonolysis products should affect the SL intensity of the additives.Lanthanide compounds with characteristic wide range absorption and emission spectra, from the UV to IR re gion, are best suited to solve these problems. 10 We have earlier 11 studied the SL of concentrated aque ous solutions of lanthanide chlorides (C = 1 mol L -1 ). The SL spectra consist of a broad (λ = 250-650 nm) continuum glow of excited water molecules and OH • radicals, and the characteristic luminescence bands of Ln III , e.g., Tb III , Dy III , or Ce III , are superimposed on this glow. For the ions with a high photoluminescence quantum yield in solution (ϕ ≈ 1), the efficiency of char acteristic SL is found to be low: no ...

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Sonoluminescence of aqueous solutions of lanthanide salts

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Plasma Formation during Acoustic Cavitation: Toward a New Paradigm for Sonochemistry

Plasma Formation during Acoustic Cavitation: Toward a New Paradigm for Sonochemistry

Effect of argon on the multibubble sonoluminescence of cerium, terbium, and dysprosium trichlorides

Sonoluminescence of aqueous solution of gadolinium chloride

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