Sonographic Imaging of Mallet Finger

Kleinbaum, Yeroham; Heyman, Z.; Ganel, A; Blankstein, Alexander

doi:10.1055/s-2005-858165

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This condition is known as hammer finger or mallet finger and clinically presents with permanent flexion of the distal phalanx . Sonographic features of mallet finger include a hyperechoic bone fragment with posterior shadowing, partial or complete discontinuity of tendon fibers, lack of movements of the extensor tendon under dynamic assessment, and hematoma at the avulsion site (Figure ) …”

Section: Traumatic Tendon Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of Non‐neoplastic Disorders of the Hand and Wrist Tendons

Gitto

Draghi

2017

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Tendon disorders commonly cause hand and wrist disability and curtail the performance of work-related duties or routine tasks. Imaging is often needed for diagnosis, but it requires knowledge of the complex anatomic structures of the tendons of the hand and wrist as well as familiarity with related disorders. This review article aims to provide medical professionals with guidelines for the sonographic assessment of the tendons of hand and wrist and related disorders. Sonographic features of tendon disorders affecting the hand and wrist are described here, specifically: infectious tenosynovitis; tendon rupture or tearing; stenosing forms of tenosynovitis such as De Quervain disease and trigger finger; intersection syndrome; insertional tendinopathy; several forms of tendinous instability such as extensor carpi ulnaris instability, climber finger, and boxer knuckle; and tendinopathy in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Postsurgical evaluation of the hand and wrist tendons is also discussed, including the healthy and pathologic appearances of operated tendons as well as impingement from orthopedic hardware. In conclusion, sonography is effective in assessing the tendons of the hand and wrist and related disorders and represents a valuable tool for diagnosis.

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Section: Traumatic Tendon Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of Non‐neoplastic Disorders of the Hand and Wrist Tendons

Gitto

Draghi

2017

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Wehbe and Schneider 10 described a method to measure the size and displacement of the bony fragment ( Fig.2 Department of Orthopaedics

CHU BlidaSaad Dahleb UniversityBlidaALGERIA

. Other authors have proposed using ultrasound 27 or magnetic resonance imaging 28 for additional studies, but there is no reason to do so, since clinical examination and standard radiographs are sufficient to establish a diagnosis.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Acute Traumatic Closed Mallet Finger Injuries in Adults

et al. 2016

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In adults, mallet finger is a traumatic zone I lesion of the extensor tendon with either tendon rupture or bony avulsion at the base of the distal phalanx. High-energy mechanisms of injury generally occur in young men, whereas lower energy mechanisms are observed in elderly women. The mechanism of injury is an axial load applied to a straight digit tip, which is then followed by passive extreme distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) hyperextension or hyperflexion. Mallet finger is diagnosed clinically, but an X-ray should always be performed. Tubiana's classification takes into account the size of the bony articular fragment and DIPJ subluxation. We propose to stage subluxated fractures as stage III if the subluxation is reducible with a splint and as stage IV if not. Left untreated, mallet finger becomes chronic and leads to a swan-neck deformity and DIPJ osteoarthritis. The goal of treatment is to restore active DIPJ extension. The results of a six- to eight-week conservative course of treatment with a DIPJ splint in slight hyperextension for tendon lesions or straight for bony avulsions depends on patient compliance. Surgical treatments vary in terms of the approach, the reduction technique, and the means of fixation. The risks involved are stiffness, septic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Given the lack of consensus regarding indications for treatment, we propose to treat all cases of mallet finger with a dorsal glued splint except for stage IV mallet finger, which we treat with extra-articular pinning.

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“…35 Furthermore, US has been successfully used in the diagnosis of mallet finger and in cadaveric study for the detection of central slip lesion at proximal interphalangeal joint. [36][37][38] Additionally, a dynamic US evaluation could detect specific tendon injuries such as extensor tendon instability due to sagittal band injuries of the extensor cuff at metacarpophalangeal joint. 39 Overall, both US and MR techniques may be helpful in the diagnosis of ETI, not only for visualization of complete lesions but also for the detection of asymptomatic partial tendon tears.…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Extensor Tendon Injuries to the Hand: Clinical Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Surgical Procedure Review

Colzani¹,

Tos²,

Battiston

et al. 2016

J Hand Microsurg

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The extensor apparatus is a complex muscle-tendon system that requires integrity or optimal reconstruction to preserve hand function. Anatomical knowledge and the understanding of physiopathology of extensor tendons are essential for an accurate diagnosis of extensor tendon injuries (ETIs) of the hand and wrist, because these lesions are complex and commonly observed in clinical practice. A careful clinical history and assessment still remain the first step for the diagnosis, followed by US and MR to confirm the suspect of ETI or to investigate some doubtful conditions and rule out associate lesions. During last decades the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitative treatment protocol led to gradual improvement in clinical results of ETI treatment and surgical repair. Injury classification into anatomical zones and the evaluation of the characteristics of the lesions are considered key points to select the appropriate treatment for ETI. Both conservative and surgical management can be indicated in ETI, depending on the anatomical zone and on the characteristics of the injuries. As a general rule, an attempt of conservative treatment should be performed when the lesion is expected to have favorable result with nonoperative procedure. Many surgical techniques have been proposed over the time and with favorable results if the tendon injury is not underestimated and adequately treated. Despite recent research findings, a lack of evidence-based knowledge is still observed in surgical treatment and postoperative management of ETI. Further clinical and biomechanical investigations would be advisable to clarify this complex issue.

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Sonographic Imaging of Mallet Finger

Abstract: Sonographic examination of patients with traumatic mallet finger is an important diagnostic tool and can differentiate between traumatic mallet finger and flexion deformity of rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis.

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Sonography of Non‐neoplastic Disorders of the Hand and Wrist Tendons

Sonography of Non‐neoplastic Disorders of the Hand and Wrist Tendons

Review of Acute Traumatic Closed Mallet Finger Injuries in Adults

Traumatic Extensor Tendon Injuries to the Hand: Clinical Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Surgical Procedure Review

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