Sonographic Features of Spermatic Cord Leiomyosarcoma

Seçil, Mustafa; Kefi, Aykut; Gulbahar, Fatih; Aslan, Güven; Tuna, Burçin; Yörükoğlu, Kutsal

doi:10.7863/jum.2004.23.7.973

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The majority of the LMSs described in the literature are heterogeneous lesions like the aforementioned [6,11,15,16] although some LMSs appear to be hypoechoic [8,14] . Calcifications are not mentioned in the majority of the cases described [1,2,6,8,11,[14][15][16] . Colour Doppler ultrasonography shows either minimal [8] , or increased vascularity [11,16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcifications are not mentioned in the majority of the cases described [1,2,6,8,11,[14][15][16] . Colour Doppler ultrasonography shows either minimal [8] , or increased vascularity [11,16] . The appearance is mostly related to the size of the lesion and the differentiation of the mesenchymal components [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colour Doppler ultrasonography shows either minimal [8] , or increased vascularity [11,16] . The appearance is mostly related to the size of the lesion and the differentiation of the mesenchymal components [16] . This mass appears to be the largest LMS ever to have been reported in literature until now, with a maximum diameter of 12 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging features of a huge spermatic cord leiomyosarcoma: Review of the literature

Kyratzi

Lolis²,

Antypa³

et al. 2011

WJR

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Spermatic cord leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) are rare tumors which may cause significant morbidity and mortality if inadequately diagnosed or treated. We report a case of a paratesticular LMS in a 60-year-old man who presented with a right scrotal mass. The patient was evaluated by scrotal ultrasound and computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis (including scans of the scrotum), which revealed a large extratesticular mass. The lesion proved to be malignant and the patient underwent radical orchiectomy with high cord ligation. To improve the assignment of this lesion, we further analyze the imaging features of LMS and correlate them with pathologic findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging features of a huge spermatic cord leiomyosarcoma: Review of the literature

Kyratzi

Lolis²,

Antypa³

et al. 2011

WJR

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“…Acute epididymitis usually appears as a hyperechoic mass with increased flow Doppler study and can be diagnosed when combined with the clinical findings [Akbar et al 2003]. However, chronic epididymitis, granulomatosis, tuberculosis, brucellosis, fungal infections, sarcoidosis, or syphilis can appear as epididymal masses having heterogenous echogenicity sonographically indistinguishable from tumors [Secil et al 2004]. In addition, scrotal hematomas can occur in the absence of a known traumatic event and can also present a diagnostic challenge [Kyratzi et al 2011].…”

Section: Diagnostic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, malignant neoplasms in this region tend to appear as a solid, vascularized, hyperechoic, heterogeneous mass with necrotic areas of variable size that tends to displace the testis. Paratesticular sarcomas, which make up about 95% of SCTs, usually have a heterogeneous pattern and are seen as hypervascular tumors on Doppler sonography [Akbar et al 2003;Secil et al 2004]. Liposarcomas are commonly bulky, heterogeneous tumors that have variable amounts of fat with hyperechoic areas [Akbar et al 2003;Secil et al 2004].…”

Section: Diagnostic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of spermatic cord tumors: a rare urologic malignancy

Rodríguez

Olumi

2012

Therapeutic Advances in Urology

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Primary spermatic cord tumors are rare yet clinically significant urologic lesions that affect patients of all ages. They are the most common tumors of the paratesticular region and generally present as asymptomatic, slow growing, firm, palpable paratesticular masses. Although most of them are benign comprised primarily of lipomas, approximately 25% are potentially life-threatening malignant tumors. The most common reported malignant histological types include liposarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcomas. Management of these malignant tumors has been difficult because of their rarity, therefore there is little consensus regarding optimal surgical and adjunctive treatment strategies. It is recommended that radiological techniques such as scrotal ultrasound (US), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance be used to evaluate these masses before surgery. The curative treatment of choice is radical orchiectomy with high cord ligation and wide excision of surrounding soft tissue structures within the inguinal canal. Patients with inadequately resected disease should undergo a reoperative procedure for wide inguinal re-resection. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is recommended when there is preoperative evidence of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis and as an adjuvant treatment for rhabdomyosarcomas since they have a higher propensity for lymphatic spread. Adjuvant treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have shown little efficacy, except in the management of patients with local recurrence or high-grade rhabdomyosarcomas. Long-term follow up is recommended given their high recurrence rates.

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A review of multiparametric ultrasound imaging in the clinical setting: scrotal contents

Sidhu,

Yusuf,

Sellars

et al. 2024

Abdom Radiol

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The innovative techniques in ultrasound have added a new dimension to investigating superficially located areas such as the contents of the scrotal sac. High frequency transducers, improved technology with the addition of elastography, contrast enhanced ultrasound and microvascular imaging has resulted in a further improvement in diagnostic capabilities. The ability to clearly demonstrate the presence or absence of vascularity within the area under investigation adds an additional dimension to operator confidence in establishing the presence of infarction, global or segmental, or the walls and cavity of an abscess in the testis or epididymis. Increased vascularity of a tumor aids the differential diagnosis based on the flow dynamics of the microbubble contrast, benign lesions likely to retain contrast. Elastography has the ability to ascertain the stiffness of tissue, and when used in conjunction with other ultrasound methods adds to the understanding of the likelihood of a malignant abnormality being present. All the different techniques come under the umbrella term ‘multiparametric ultrasound’, with the application in the scrotal sac detailed in this article.

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Sonographic Features of Spermatic Cord Leiomyosarcoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Imaging features of a huge spermatic cord leiomyosarcoma: Review of the literature

Imaging features of a huge spermatic cord leiomyosarcoma: Review of the literature

Management of spermatic cord tumors: a rare urologic malignancy

A review of multiparametric ultrasound imaging in the clinical setting: scrotal contents

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