Sonographic features of ovarian cystadenofibromas: spectrum of findings.

Alcázar, Juan Luis; Errasti, T.; Mínguez, J.; Galán, María José Pérez; García-Manero, Manuel; Ceamanos, Carolina

doi:10.7863/jum.2001.20.8.915

Cited by 57 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…11 Except mucinous cystadenoma which was multiseptate almost all adnexal tumors were reported as unilocular anechoic cyst. 12,13 In our study, the cysts ranged from 5 cm to 36 cm, mostly unilocular and echo-free in the postmenopausal women and were reported as either functional cysts or benign tumors. Ekerhovd et al reported that the risk of malignancy associated with unilocular echo-free cysts was not higher than 1.6%.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 63%

A study of benign adnexal masses

Jayasree

Bupathy

2012

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 63%

A study of benign adnexal masses

Jayasree

Bupathy

2012

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…Both ovarian fibroma and struma ovarii are known to be difficult to classify, showing features suggestive of malignancy in many instances. 27,28 The case of cystadenofibroma was notable because for some authors, this kind of tumor may show typical findings, such as a thin-walled cyst with hyperechoic mural nodules 20 ; however, others have found this tumor very difficult to classify. 27 If we had also considered GI-RADS 4 as malignant, the sensitivity would have increased to 100%; the specificity would have dropped to 90%; and the positive likelihood ratio would have been lower (10.1; 95% confidence interval, 6.55-16.6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pattern recognition analysis was used for adnexal masses highly suggestive of given diseases such as endometrioma, 11 mature teratoma, 12 hydrosalpinx, 13 peritoneal cyst, 14 hemorrhagic cyst, 15 follicular cyst, 16 paraovarian cyst, 17 tubo-ovarian abscess, 18 simple cyst, 19 and cystadenofibroma. 20 After the morphologic evaluation was performed, the color Doppler gate was activated to identify vascular color signals within the tumor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System

Amor¹,

Vaccaro²,

Alcázar

et al. 2009

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe a new reporting system called the Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) for reporting findings in adnexal masses based on transvaginal sonography. Methods. A total of 171 women (mean age, 39 years; range, 16-77 years) suspected of having an adnexal mass were evaluated by transvaginal sonography before treatment. Pattern recognition analysis and color Doppler blood flow location were used for determining the presumptive diagnosis. Then the GI-RADS was used, with the following classifications: GI-RADS 1, definitively benign; GI-RADS 2, very probably benign; GI-RADS 3, probably benign; GI-RADS 4, probably malignant; and GI-RADS 5, very probably malignant. Patients with GI-RADS 1 and 2 tumors were treated expectantly. All GI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 tumors were removed surgically, and a definitive histologic diagnosis was obtained. The GI-RADS classification was compared with final histologic diagnosis. Results. A total of 187 masses were evaluated. The prevalence rate for malignant tumors was 13.4%. Overall GI-RADS classification rates were as follows: GI-RADS 1, 4 cases (2.1%); GI-RADS 2, 52 cases (27.8%); GI-RADS 3, 90 cases (48.1%); GI-RADS 4, 13 cases (7%); and GI-RADS 5, 28 cases (15%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 92%, 97%, 85%, 99%, and 96%, respectively. Conclusions. Our proposed reporting system showed good diagnostic performance. It is simple and could facilitate communication between sonographers/ sonologists and clinicians. Key words: adnexal mass; reporting system; sonography. ransvaginal sonography (TVS) has become the first-step imaging technique for characterizing adnexal masses. When used by experienced examiners, this technique achieves high sensitivity for identifying ovarian cancer, and it has been shown to be useful for selecting the best surgical approach. [1][2][3] However, despite the tremendous progress in the diagnostic capability of TVS, a large multicenter study reported that the false-positive rate could be as high as 24%. 4 One explanation for this high false-positive rate may be operator experience, as has been shown in a recent randomized trial.5 Another reason could be a problem in the transmission of information about findings from the sonologist or sonographer to the clinician who makes final decision. As a matter of fact, reports describing sonographic findings are sometimes confusing.

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“…The false negative rate may be considered very low. The correlation of sonography features with histological diagnosis has been found to be high in some benign ovarian tumours such as endometrioma (Alcázar et al, 1997b), mature teratoma (Caspi et al, 1996), haemorrhagic cyst (Okai et al, 1994), simple cyst (Castillo et al, 2004), hydrosalpinx (Guerriero et al, 2000), peritoneal cyst (Guerriero et al, 2004) and cystadenofibroma (Alcázar et al, 2001a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Expectant Management of Sonographically Benign Adnexal Cysts an Option in Selected Asymptomatic Premenopausal Women?

Alcázar

Castillo

Jurado

et al. 2006

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey

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BACKGROUND:The objective was to assess whether expectant management of sonographically benign ovarian cysts may be an option for selected asymptomatic premenopausal women. METHODS: This is a prospective observational longitudinal study. Between January 1997 and December 2002, 323 asymptomatic premenopausal women (mean age: 40.6 years; range: 19-50 years) diagnosed as having a sonographically benign ovarian cyst measuring <6 cm were offered conservative management with periodic follow-up at 6-12 month intervals. In all cases, a first check was performed 3 months after diagnosis to confirm the 'persistent' nature of the cyst. A total of 120 women agreed to participate in this study and constitute the basis of the data presented. RESULTS: Mean diameter at diagnosis for the most frequent lesions were as follows: endometrioma 3.3 cm (SD 1.5); simple cyst 4.1 cm (SD 1.6); dermoid cyst 3.2 cm (SD 1.4); haemorrhagic cyst 3.5 cm (SD 1.2); hydrosalpinx 2.9 cm (SD 1.0). With a median follow-up of 42 months (range: 18-94 months), most lesions remained unchanged, both in size and sonographic appearance. Ten cysts (8.3%) disappeared during follow-up, all of them after more than 2 years of follow-up. No patient has developed signs or symptoms suggesting ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: Most sonographically benign ovarian cysts remain unchanged during long-term follow-up. Our data would support conservative management in these cases.

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Sonographic features of ovarian cystadenofibromas: spectrum of findings.

Abstract: We have described the sonographic spectrum of findings of ovarian cystadenofibromas. The most frequent appearance was a unilocular cystic mass with gross papillary projections or solid nodules. In almost half of the tumors, vascularization could be detected.

Cited by 57 publications

References 18 publications

A study of benign adnexal masses

A study of benign adnexal masses

Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System

Is Expectant Management of Sonographically Benign Adnexal Cysts an Option in Selected Asymptomatic Premenopausal Women?

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