Sonographic diagnosis of hepatic vascular disorders

Zwiebel, William J.

doi:10.1016/0887-2171(95)90013-6

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In this case the changes in the portal vein were subtle with the intraluminal mass appearing hypoechoic and having little contrast with blood. The echogenicity of thrombi depends upon their age and in the acute stages may be anechoic or hypoechoic (Zweibel 1995). In this case there was slight focal dilation of the portal vein, which helped identify the thrombus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonographic diagnosis of unusual portal vascular abnormalities in two cats

McConnell

Sparkes

Ladlow

et al. 2006

J of Small Animal Practice

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Two cases of ascites secondary to portal vascular abnormalities associated with portal hypertension are described. In the first case a five-month-old cat was presented with recurrent ascites and investigations showed that the underlying cause was a hepatic arteriovenous fistula. Ultrasonography showed direct communication of the coeliac artery and right branch of the portal vein. There was also hepatofugal flow in the main portal vein consistent with portal hypertension. The ultrasonographic features were similar to those seen in dogs with hepatic arteriovenous fistulae. In the second case, ascites, portal hypertension and an intraluminal mass in the main portal vein was diagnosed in a 16-year-old cat that had been presented with hyperthyroidism and hepatomegaly. Acquired portosystemic collaterals involving the left renal vein were present. Additional diagnostic investigations were not permitted. Ultrasonography was useful in both cases to document portal hypertension and the underlying cause.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(B) With colour flow Doppler there is absence of signal in the portal vein (arrow). Lack of apparent flow on Doppler examination may be artefactual and does not prove lack of flow ( Zweibel 1995 ). This may be due to flow perpendicular to the ultrasound beam, too deep within the abdomen or too slow.…”

Section: Case Historiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of unusual portal vascular abnormalities in two cats

McConnell

Sparkes

Ladlow

et al. 2006

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Ultrasound interpretations were made according to published standardized criteria. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Hepatic cirrhosis was considered present when the liver had a coarse echo pattern with at least one of the following: nodularity of the surface, attenuation of hepatic veins, or enlargement of the caudate lobe. The spleen was considered enlarged if it was > 13 cm in length.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of hepatitis C infection in chronic liver disease in Egypt.

Strickland

Elhefni²,

Salman³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

114

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Abstract. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered the most common etiology of chronic liver disease (CLD) in Egypt, where prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) is ∼ 10-fold greater than in the United States and Europe. Reported are results that show the role of HCV in both overt and occult CLD, the risk factors for CLD and for HCV infection, and the relative importance of chronic HCV, hepatitis B, or both in causing hepatic morbidity. Case patients included 237 new outpatients at the National Liver Institute. Controls comprised 212 sex-and age-matched neighbors without liver disease. Case patients were more likely than controls to report a history of blood transfusions, schistosomiasis, or parenteral therapy for schistosomiasis; to have anti-HCV, HCV RNA, hepatitis B surface antigen, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations; and to have abdominal ultrasound findings of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and splenomegaly. Anti-HCV-positive case patients were more likely than anti-HCV-negative patients to be male, older, and farmers; to have received a blood transfusion or parenteral therapy for schistosomiasis; to have ALT elevations; and to have ultrasound findings of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and spleen enlargement. Anti-HCV-positive controls were more likely than anti-HCV-negative controls to have received parenteral therapy for schistosomiasis. These data support the belief that HCV is the predominant cause of CLD in Egypt and suggest there is a large underlying reservoir of HCV-caused liver disease.

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“…Duplex Doppler ultrasonography (US) is a useful method for detecting Budd-Chiari syndrome because it allows easy assessment of hepatic venous flow and detection of hepatic parenchymal heterogeneity (46)(47)(48). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging also can depict hepatic venous flow or thrombosis and IVC compression or occlusion (Figs 3, 4).…”

Section: Pathologic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology for Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Cura¹,

Haskal²,

Lopera³

2009

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104

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Budd-Chiari syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction that involves one or more draining hepatic veins. Its occurrence in populations in the western hemisphere is commonly associated with hypercoagulative states. Clinical manifestations in many cases are nonspecific, and imaging may be critical for early diagnosis of venous obstruction and accurate assessment of the extent of disease. If Budd-Chiari syndrome is not treated promptly and appropriately, the outcome may be dismal. Comprehensive imaging evaluations, in combination with pathologic analyses and clinical testing, are essential for determining the severity of disease, stratifying risk, selecting the appropriate therapy, and objectively assessing the response. The main goal of treatment is to alleviate hepatic congestion, thereby improving hepatocyte function and allowing resolution of portal hypertension. Various medical, endovascular, and surgical treatment options are available. Percutaneous and endovascular procedures, when performed in properly selected patients, may be more effective than medical treatment methods for preserving liver function and arresting disease progression in the long term. In addition, such procedures are associated with lower morbidity and mortality than are open surgical techniques.

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Sonographic diagnosis of hepatic vascular disorders

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of unusual portal vascular abnormalities in two cats

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of unusual portal vascular abnormalities in two cats

Role of hepatitis C infection in chronic liver disease in Egypt.

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology for Budd-Chiari Syndrome

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