Sonographic Assessment of Renal Volume in Normotensive Pregnant Women and Women With Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Enugu Metropolis

Abstract

Objective: Renal volume (RV) assessment during obstetric sonography is rarely considered in our locality. Understanding the changes in RV in both normotensive pregnant (NP) and pregnancy-induced hypertensive (PIH) women is important in making correct diagnosis regarding pregnancy outcome. This study is aimed at determining the RV in NP and PIH women and correlating RV with fetal gestational age (FGA), body mass index (BMI), and parity in NP women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 450 patients recruited at a Tertiary Hospital. A pilot study was done to determine the interobserver variability in RV measurement. RV was calculated using the following formula: L × W × AP × 0.523. Parity, BMI, and blood pressure were documented, while FGA was calculated as an average of FGAs obtained from the measurements of fetal biometric parameters. Results: Mean RV of PIH women was significantly higher than that of NP women ( P < .05). RV shows a positive significant relationship with BMI and FGA, while it shows a negative relationship with parity in NP ( P < .05). Conclusion: Reference range values of RV were generated for clinical use in our locality, while there is statistically significant difference between RV in NP and PIH women.

Sonographic Evaluation of Renal Dimensions and Volume in Normal Pregnancy in Bayelsa State, South-South, Nigeria

“…Renal volume gradually increased from the first trimester to the third trimester. This finding is in line with the reports of previous studies, [2,5,6] and it results from the steady increase in glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and hyperfiltration that occurs as pregnancy advances, which is maximal in the third trimester. Our study revealed no significant difference between the renal volume of the right and left kidneys.…”

“…These were not statistically significant. Our values are higher than the 141.85 ± 41.08 (right kidney); 163.44 ± 51.33 (left kidney) reported by Ugboma et al, [2] in South-South, Nigeria, the 147.75 ± 1.87 (right kidney); 172.53 ± 2.13 (left kidney) reported by Ugochinyere et al, [5] in Enugu, South-East Nigeria, and the 105.77 ± 27.29 (right kidney); 104.23 ± 28.18 (left kidney) reported by Kamble et al, [6] in Central India. Maternal renal volume has been associated with the size of babies [7].…”