Sonochemical preparation of polymer–metal nanocomposites with catalytic and plasmonic properties

Abstract

Polymer-metal nanocomposites are of increasing interest for a wide range of applications; however, the preparation of these nanocomposites often requires the addition of external initiation and reducing agents for the...

RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (RAFT-PISA): current status and future directions

“…Ultrasound has been used to initiate the PISA process without the addition of exogenous chemical initiators. 57 The versatility of ultrasound is also demonstrated by its ability to generate reducing species to form metal nanoparticles without the addition of reductant. In this study, PEG- b -PDMAEMA-TTC macro-RAFT agent was first synthesized, and then used to mediate dispersion polymerization of HPMA in water under sonication at room temperature.…”

“…The most common applications for polymeric nanoparticles including those prepared by the PISA process, is drug delivery and other biomedical applications. Besides, PISA-prepared nano-objects have been explored as catalysts, 56–60 Pickering emulsifiers, 22,61–64 imaging agents, 65,66 lubricants, 67 templating agents, 68–70 pigments, 54,55 etc. The following section summarizes some applications of PISA-prepared nano-objects.…”

“…56,59,60 Recently, our group used ultrasound for the synthesis of both polymeric nanoparticles and the in situ formation of Au and Pd nanoparticles. 57 The metal nanoparticles were immobilized on the PDMAEMA block, which was in between the hydrophilic shell and hydrophobic core, resulting in a larger exposed area of metal nanoparticles and more accessible active sites. The synthesized polymer-Au and polymer-Pd showed good catalytic activity and recyclability.…”

“…20 Up to now, many morphologies have been realized via PISA, including spheres, rods, worms, vesicles, framboidal vesicles, 21,22 multilamellar vesicles, 23 lamellae, 24 spongosomes, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] hexosomes, [25][26][27]32 cubosomes, 25,26,32 Janus particles, 33,34 colloidal molecules, 33,34 and many others. The synthesized particles have a broad range of applications in the areas of biomedical, [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] coating, 54,55 catalysis [56][57][58][59][60] and Pickering emulsions 22,[61]<...…”

Polymerization-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly: From Monomer to Complex Colloidal Molecules and Beyond

“…Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has been exploited as a robust and scalable technique for the preparation of diblock copolymers nanomaterials with different morphologies at high solid contents (up to 40–50 wt %). − More importantly, the PISA technique can achieve the chemical synthesis and self-assembly in one step without further purification, especially for those prepared in the aqueous environment. However, it has been demonstrated that the utilization of PISA for the fabrication of complex patchy particles composed of triblock terpolymers was extremely challenging in the aqueous medium, mainly because of the limited monomers that are suitable for this process. , The existing examples all require the utilization of PISA-suitable monomers, which are soluble in water, whereas the formed polymer should be hydrophobic for in situ self-assembly. , Water-immiscible monomers like styrene and tert -butyl acrylate commonly generate kinetically trapped spheres.…”