Sonochemical Effect Using Ultrasonic Atomizer at 2.4 MHz

Self Cite

The effect of adding CO 2 to the matrix gas on the rate of sono-oxidation was examined. It is already known that CO 2 dissolved in water prevents the sonochemical reaction because of the suppression of cavitation intensity. In this study, however, it was observed that the rate of sono-oxidation of I % ions in water increased with the introduction of a small amount of CO 2 . As the matrix, Ar, He, O 2 , and N 2 were used. The improvement was confirmed for all these gases. In the case of Ar, the rate of sono-oxidations was seven times as large as that without CO 2 .

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of the rate of sono-oxidation in the presence of CO₂

Harada

Ono

2015

Self Cite

“…As irradiation sources, an ultrasonic atomizer (Honda Electric HM-303N, 2.4 MHz, 24 W) 8) and an ultrasonic bath (frequency, input power, volume, diameter, and length are about 200 kHz, 15 W, 400 cm 3 , 65 mm, and 150 mm, respectively, as shown in Fig. 1), which was practically considered a mini-scale reactor, were used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in the rate of sonochemical oxidation with introduction of CO₂

Harada

Ono

Oda

2014

The effect of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in atmospheric gas on the rate of sonochemical oxidation was examined. An ultrasonic irradiation system has two types of effects, namely, physical and chemical effects. In some cases, chemical effects provide a negative performance. To suppress the chemical effect, CO 2 was introduced in a laboratory-scale setup using a syringe or a gas flow system. Sonochemical oxidation was performed at 2.4 MHz (24 W) and 200 kHz (15 W). The rate of oxidation was evaluated by potassium iodide (KI) dosimetry. The rate decreased with the introduction of CO 2 and sonochemical oxidation could not proceed at a mole fraction of CO 2 above 0.3 in the matrix. From the standpoint of practical use, in addition, a sensory test was carried out using 20% ethanol solution in a CO 2 -air atmosphere. No smell change was confirmed by the human sense of smell.

“…Ultrasound irradiation is applied for oxidation and reduction process of solutions. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] We reduced Pd(II) to Pd NPs on the surface of LiFePO 4 =C using reduction reactions of ultrasound irradiation. 2-propanol was used to enhance the reduction rate of Pd(II) during sonication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved battery performance using Pd nanoparticles synthesized on the surface of LiFePO₄/C by ultrasound irradiation

Saliman

Okawa

Takai

et al. 2016

LiFePO4 has been attracting interest as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries due to its high energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. The electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 is limited because it exhibits low Li-ion diffusivity and low electronic conductivity. Numerous solutions have been considered, such as carbon coating, which is widely known to improve the electronic conductivity of LiFePO4. The deposition of metal nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of carbon-coated LiFePO4 further enhances the electronic conductivity. In this study, we deposited Pd NPs onto the surface of LiFePO4/C and investigated the resulting electrochemical performance. Sonochemical synthesis was used to prepare the metal NPs; the procedure did not require any surfactants and the reaction was rapid.