Sonocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B catalyzed by β-Bi2O3 particles under ultrasonic irradiation

Abstract

β-Bi2O3 particles were synthesized by a polyacrylamide sol-gel method. The sonocatalytic activity of β-Bi2O3 particles was evaluated by degrading Rhodamine B (RhB) under the ultrasonic irradiation, revealing that β-Bi2O3 particles exhibit a good sonocatalytic activity. The effects of various experimental factors including ultrasonic frequency (f), solution temperature (T), catalyst dosage (Ccatalyst) and initial RhB concentration (CRhB) on the sonocatalysis efficiency were investigated. The optimum conditions for sonocatalytic degradation of RhB are obtained to be f=60 kHz, T=40 °C, Ccatalyst=3 g L(-1), and CRhB=5 mg L(-1). The percentage degradation of RhB after sonocatalysis for 90 min is 98.7%. Detected by the photoluminescence technique that of using terephthalic acid as a probe molecule, hydroxyl radicals (OH) are found to be produced on the irradiated by β-Bi2O3 particles. Based on the experimental results, OH radicals are suggested to be the major active species which are responsible for the degradation reaction.

MIL-101(Cr)–cobalt ferrite magnetic nanocomposite: synthesis, characterization and applications for the sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye pollutants

“…To show the benet of the present degradation strategy, the obtained results from sonodegradation of RhB over the MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite were compared with some reported catalysts in the literature. 3,18,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] The comparison between the results in this study with the catalysts in the literature in shown in Table S1 † based on different parameters including initial dye concentration, degradation time, consumed catalyst amount and percentage, which illustrates the excellent degradation efficiency of the MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite. Especially, the degradation reaction in the presence of most detailed catalysts took longer times and required a higher catalyst to dye ratio.…”

Magnetic nanocomposites decorated on multiwalled carbon nanotube for removal of Maxilon Blue 5G using the sono-Fenton method

“…There are some cavitation phenomena such as microbubble formation, precipitation, as well as pressure due to the temperature factor under the ultrasonic wave in the solution environment 18,19 . Furthermore, removal of organic materials by ultrasonic wave method is limited; because a long reaction process is required 20 . Generally, iron-containing nano-adsorbent can be exceeded by integrating the Fenton-like application process to eliminate this obstacle 15 .…”

Luminescence properties of Eu3+‐ and Tb3+‐doped δ‐Bi2O3 stabilized by Th4+ substitution

“…The δ ‐Bi 2 O 3 possessing oxygen‐deficient fluorite structure has been a well celebrated candidate in terms of its exceptionally high oxide ion conductivity (1 S cm −1 at 750°C) . Enhanced photo conductivity, excellent photoluminescence, and variable band gap have expanded the utility of polymorphs of Bi 2 O 3 as gas sensors, electrical ceramics, catalysts, and photocatalysts . While Bi 2 O 3 is stabilized in the δ polymorph form by most rare earths, Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ tend to stabilize the β form.…”

“…[6][7][8] Enhanced photo conductivity, excellent photoluminescence, and variable band gap have expanded the utility of polymorphs of Bi 2 O 3 as gas sensors, electrical ceramics, catalysts, and photocatalysts. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] While Bi 2 O 3 is stabilized in the δ polymorph form by most rare earths, Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ tend to stabilize the β form. This presents a challenge to use Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ luminescence to study the oxygen-deficient δ-Bi 2 O 3 .…”