Sondermetalle

Kieffer, R.; Jangg, G.; Ettmayer, Peter

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-3387-3

Cited by 64 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…2). Because this orthorhombic ternary phase, also reported as Cr 3 (C,N) 2 33 , has a small range of composition 34, there is no evidence for an excess of chromium in the films, e.g. in the form of chromium carbide.…”

Section: Growth and Film Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature MOCVD of chromium carbonitride coatings from tetrakis(diethylamido)chromium and pyrolysis mechanism of this single-source precursor

Maury

Ossola

1998

Appl. Organometal. Chem.

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Amorphous chromium carbonitride coatings with a low nitrogen content (3–8 at%) were deposited by low‐pressure MOCVD in the temperature range 573–793 K using Cr(NEt2)4 as single‐source precursor. This poor nitrogen incorporation is in agreement with the trends predicted by thermochemical calculations. XPS data, resistivity measurements and annealing experiments suggest that the films grown at 573 K are contaminated by organic species due to incomplete elimination of the ligands. The films deposited at higher temperature crystallize upon annealing at 873 K to form an orthorhombic ternary chromium carbonitride phase. The major volatile by‐products of the MOCVD reaction were analyzed by 1H and 13C NMR. Their amount and the quasi‐equimolar EtN=CHMe/HNEt2 ratio suggest that most of the NEt2 ligands are removed by a stepwise mechanism which probably occurs with other diethylamido complexes of transition metals when they are used as single‐source precursors in MOCVD. The incorporation of the metalloid elements in the film is discussed in comparison with recent literature data. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Growth and Film Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature MOCVD of chromium carbonitride coatings from tetrakis(diethylamido)chromium and pyrolysis mechanism of this single-source precursor

Maury

Ossola

1998

Appl. Organometal. Chem.

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“…1) TiC-and Ti(CN)-based cermets are used in high-speed final or semi-final cutting tools in place of WC-Co alloys. 2,3) However, the applications of such cermet systems are limited due to the low toughness of the cermets. The low toughness was ascribed to the complicated microstructure of TiC-or Ti(CN)-based cermets and the poor wettability of the Ni binder phase on the carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Milling on the Carbothermal Reduction of Oxide Mixture for (Ti,W)C-Ni

Kwon

Kang

2008

Mater. Trans.

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The effect of high-energy milling on the phase transformation and carbothermal reduction was examined using an oxide mixture, TiO 2 -WO 3 -NiO-C, with a process to synthesize (Ti,W)C cermets. Due to the high energy involved in the mill raw, anatase TiO 2 transformed first to TiO 2 -II and then to rutile, while WO 3 transformed to a high-pressure WO 3 -HP and hexagonal WO 3 phase. The co-existence of WO 3 and TiO 2 enhanced the formation of a nano-crystalline or amorphous phase. The (Ti,W)C phase was formed mainly at 1150 C from TiC and WC formed in the early stages. These results were further examined using XRD, the Rietveld method and mass spectroscopy.

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“…Its corrosion resistance towards tap water is good, and towards seawater moderate to good, but pitting does not occur. Vanadium is resistant to 10 % sodium hydroxide solution, but is attacked by a hot solution of potassium hydroxide [1], [3], [4], [9], [10]. Vanadium and some vanadium alloys have good corrosion resistance towards molten low-melting metals and alloys, especially alkali metals, which are used in nuclear reactors as coolants and heat-exchange media [11].…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important physical properties of vanadium are listed in the following [1], [3][4][5][6] Mechanical Properties. The mechanical properties of vanadium are strongly dependent on purity and hence on the production method used.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vanadium and Vanadium Compounds

Bauer

Güther

Hess

et al. 2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. History 2. Properties 3. Occurrence 4. Processing of the Raw Materials to Vanadium Compounds 4.1. Iron Ores and Titanomagnetites as Raw Materials 4.2. Processing of Other Raw Materials 5. Production of Vanadium, Ferrovanadium, and Other Alloys 5.1. Reduction Behavior of Vanadium Oxides 5.2. Production of Vanadium Metal and its Alloys 5.3. Ferrovanadium 5.3.1. Production from Vanadium Oxides 5.3.2. Direct Production from Slags and Residues 5.4. Production of Other Vanadium Master Alloys 6. Uses 7. Vanadium Compounds 8. Analysis 9. Economic Aspects 10. Environmental Protection and Toxicology

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Sondermetalle

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Low-temperature MOCVD of chromium carbonitride coatings from tetrakis(diethylamido)chromium and pyrolysis mechanism of this single-source precursor

Low-temperature MOCVD of chromium carbonitride coatings from tetrakis(diethylamido)chromium and pyrolysis mechanism of this single-source precursor

Effect of Milling on the Carbothermal Reduction of Oxide Mixture for (Ti,W)C-Ni

Vanadium and Vanadium Compounds

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