Son trimester gebelerde doğum korkusunu etkileyen faktörler ve doğum korkusunun postpartum depresyon ve maternal bağlanma ile ilişkisi

Abstract

This study was conducted cross-sectionally to investigate factors effecting fear of delivery in last trimester pregnant women and its relationship with postpartum depression and maternal attachment. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between the years 2014-2016 in a university hospital and in a state hospital maternity clinics in a western city. The study was made with 163 pregnant women. A questionnaire form which was created in accordance with literature that includes questions about sociodemographical characteristics and other items that can effect delivery fear, Wijma Delivery Expectance Experience Scale (W-DEQ), Pregnancy Related Discomforts Scale, Psychosocial Health Assesment in Pregnancy Scale, Maternal Attachment Scale, Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale were used. Results: The mean delivery fear score of the pregnant women was 66.88±27.45. Fear of delivery significantly increased among those who did not take sufficient social support during their pregnancy (MWU=183.0; p=0.041) and among those who did not have sufficient information about delivery (MWU=1840.50; p= 0.000). A siginificant positive small corelation was found between W-DEQ and Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (r=0.271; p=0.023). Conclusion: Delivery fear of pregnant women increased for those who did not take social support during pregancy follows and for those who did not have sufficient information on delivery. In addition, it was found that delivery fear can cause postpartum depression. Amaç: Bu çalışma son trimester gebelerin doğum korkusunu etkileyen faktörleri ve doğum korkusunun postpartum depresyon ve maternal bağlanma ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel tipte olup, batıda bir ilde bir üniversite ve bir devlet hastanesinin kadın doğum kliniği ve polikliniklerinde 2014-2016 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 163 gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri gebelerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve doğum korkusunu etkileyeceği düşünülen sorulardan oluşan anket formu, Wijma Doğum Beklentisi Deneyimi Ölçeği, Gebeliğe Bağlı Yakınmalara İlişkin Ölçek, Gebelikte Psikososyal Sağlığı Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği, Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin doğum korkusu puan ortalaması 66.88±27.45'dir. Gebelik takibinde sosyal destek almayanlarda (MWU= 183.0; p= 0.041) ve doğuma ilişkin yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayanlarda (MWU=1840.50; p= 0.000) doğum korkusunun arttığı bulunmuştur. Gebelerin Wijma Doğum Beklentisi Deneyimi Ölçeği puan ortalaması ile Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasında pozitif yönde zayıf ilişki (r=0.271; p=0.023) saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Gebelik takibinde sosyal destek almayanlarda ve doğuma ilişkin yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayanlarda doğum korkusunun arttığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca doğum korkusunun doğum sonrası depresyona neden olabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Development and the Validity and Reliability Study of the Birth Health Belief Scale

“…The higher the variance ratio is, the stronger the factor structure of the scale is. The perceived self-efficacy and motivation sub-scale which consists of eleven items (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) assesses the pregnant woman's belief in spontaneous vaginal delivery. The perceived benefits sub-scale consisting of eight items (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) assesses to what extent the pregnant woman is aware of the benefits of the spontaneous vaginal delivery in terms of her health.…”

“…On the other hand, the mother's desire is one of the main factors that contribute to the increase in cesarean section rates (8). For this reason, it is important to determine the common underlying reasons behind women's wanting or preferring cesarean section without the presence of medical reasons (10). The Health Beliefs Model is one of the most frequently used concepts for determining health-related individual factors, leading to positive health behaviors, and planning health trainings (11).…”

The effect of birth ball exercise on labor pain, delivery duration, birth comfort, and birth satisfaction: A randomized controlled study

“…It has been reported that labor pain may increase due to the ambivalent feelings of pregnancy, the state of uncertainty, exaggerated birth scenes in the media, others' negative birth experiences, and concerns and fears about the baby [13][14]. Birth pain, which has become the main subject in pregnancy education, is one of the most powerful and di cult to control acute pain types.…”

Effects of the web‐based birth preparation programme and motivational interviews on primigravida women: Randomized‐controlled study

“…Medical, institutional, legal, psychological, and sociodemographic factors, as well as the mother's desire, are among the main reasons for the increase in caesarean section rates (Akın et al, 2021; Korkut & Kaya, 2019). Fear of childbirth and self‐efficacy are reported to be reasons why women want caesarean sections (Arslantas et al, 2020; Long et al, 2018; Reyes & Rosenberg, 2019). While birth self‐efficacy refers to the woman's confidence in her own abilities, fear of childbirth refers to the fear that occurs at any stage of the perinatal period (Lowe, 2000; Wigert et al, 2020).…”