Somitogenesis in the mouse embryo

Ostrovsky, David; Sanger, Joseph W.; Lash, James W.

doi:10.1016/0045-6039(88)90033-4

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These species all use epithelialization to delineate the somite boundary (Stern and Keynes, 1987;Ostrovsky et al, 1988;Stickney et al, 2000), a trait not shared by Xenopus. That the requirement for integrin-fibronectin interactions in somitogenesis is conserved may indicate that their role is, at least in anterior somites, instructive: physical delineation of the somite boundary by fibronectin matrix deposition provides a cue or scaffold that assists presomitic cells in carrying out the morphogenetic program specific to that species.…”

Section: Boundary Formation In Anterior and Posterior Somitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all of these model systems, morphological formation of the somite boundary primarily involves a mesenchymal to epithelial transition, although the precise cell movements vary slightly between species (Stern and Keynes, 1987;Ostrovsky et al, 1988;Stickney et al, 2000). In contrast, somite formation in Xenopus laevis is characterized by the orchestrated rotation of blocks of cells, a process that depends on a unique series of cell rearrangements and coordinated changes in cell motility, shape, and adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrin α5 is required for somite rotation and boundary formation in Xenopus

Kragtorp

Miller

2007

Developmental Dynamics

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The morphogenesis of somites in Xenopus laevis is characterized by a complex process of cell turning that requires coordinated regulation of cell shape, adhesion, and motility. The integrin ␣5 subunit has been implicated in the formation of somite boundaries in organisms utilizing epithelialization to create morphologically distinct somites, but its function has not been examined in Xenopus. We used a spliceblocking morpholino to knock down expression of integrin ␣5 during somite formation. Loss of integrin ␣5 delayed somite turning and accumulation of integrin ␤1 at somite boundaries, and disrupted the fibronectin matrix surrounding developing somites. Irregular somite boundaries with a sparse and discontinuous fibronectin matrix formed upon eventual completion of somite turning. Recovery of somite morphology was improved, but still incomplete in far posterior somites. These data demonstrate that the role of integrin ␣5 in somite boundary formation is conserved in a species using a unique mechanism of somitogenesis.

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Section: Boundary Formation In Anterior and Posterior Somitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrin α5 is required for somite rotation and boundary formation in Xenopus

Kragtorp

Miller

2007

Developmental Dynamics

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“…A fibronectin matrix outlines epithelial somites in both chick and mouse and its distribution pattern in the PSM shows a more complex matrix anteriorly than posteriorly, such that it has been suggested that this matrix is progressively laid down as the PSM matures (Lash et al, 1984;Lash and Ostrovsky, 1986;Ostrovsky et al, 1983;Ostrovsky et al, 1988). Experiments involving the addition of fibronectin to dissociated chick PSM cells caused their aggregation, suggesting that fibronectin might normally play a role in compacting and/or increasing the cell-cell adhesiveness of anterior PSM cells (Lash et al, 1984;Lash et al, 1987).…”

Section: Psms Isolated From All Surrounding Tissues Form Somites If Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redefining the role of ectoderm in somitogenesis: a player in the formation of the fibronectin matrix of presomitic mesoderm

et al. 2007

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The absence of ectoderm impairs somite formation in cultured presomitic mesoderm (PSM) explants, suggesting that an ectodermderived signal is essential for somitogenesis. Here we show in chick that the standard enzymatic treatments used for explant isolation destroy the fibronectin matrix surrounding the anterior PSM, which fails to form somites when cultured for 6 hours. By contrast, explants isolated with collagenase retain their fibronectin matrix and form somites under identical culture conditions. The additional presence of ectoderm enhances somite formation, whereas endoderm has no effect. Furthermore, we show that pancreatin-isolated PSM explants cultured in fibronectin-supplemented medium, form significantly more somites than control explants. Interestingly, ectoderm is the major producer of fibronectin (Fn1) transcripts, whereas all but the anterior-most region of the PSM expresses the fibronectin assembly receptor, integrin ␣5 (Itga5). We thus propose that the ectoderm-derived fibronectin is assembled by mesodermal ␣5␤1 integrin on the surface of the PSM. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of fibronectin fibrillogenesis in explants with ectoderm abrogates somitogenesis. We conclude that a fibronectin matrix is essential for morphological somite formation and that a major, previously unrecognised role of ectoderm in somitogenesis is the synthesis of fibronectin.

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“…Fibronectin is the major glycoprotein of the interstitial matrix in the early embryo (Duband et al, 1987;Ostrovsky et al, 1988;Cachaço et al, 2005) and lack of fibronectin leads to defects in somitogenesis and neural tube morphogenesis (George et al, 1993;Georges-Labouesse et al, 1996;Rifes et al, 2007;Martins et al, 2009;Rozario and DeSimone, 2010). Moreover, fibronectin has been shown to play a role during myotome development in zebrafish (Snow et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix remodeling accompanies axial muscle development and morphogenesis in the mouse

Deries

Gonçalves

Vaz

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Skeletal myogenesis is extensively influenced by the surrounding environment. However, how the extracellular matrix (ECM) affects morphogenesis of muscles is not well understood. Results: We mapped the three-dimensional (3D) organization of fibronectin, tenascin, and laminin by immunofluorescence during early epaxial myogenesis in mouse embryos. We define four stages of dermomyotome/myotome development and reveal the 3D organization of myogenic cells within their ECM during those stages. Fibronectin is abundant in all interstitial tissues, while tenascin is restricted to intersegmental borders. Bundles of fibronectin and tenascin also penetrate into the myotome, possibly promoting myocyte alignment. A laminin matrix delineates the dermomyotome and myotome and undergoes dynamic changes, correlating with key developmental events. Conclusion: Our observations cast new light on how myotomal cells interact with their environment and suggest that, as the segmented myotomes transform into the epaxial muscle masses, the laminin matrix disassembles and myocytes use the abundant fibronectin matrix to reach their final organization. Developmental Dynamics 241:350-364,

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Somitogenesis in the mouse embryo

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Integrin α5 is required for somite rotation and boundary formation in Xenopus

Integrin α5 is required for somite rotation and boundary formation in Xenopus

Redefining the role of ectoderm in somitogenesis: a player in the formation of the fibronectin matrix of presomitic mesoderm

Extracellular matrix remodeling accompanies axial muscle development and morphogenesis in the mouse

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