Some technical aspects influencing the quality of palm kernels

Abstract

Deterioration in quality of palm kernels manifests itself in the development of high acidities due to inadequate drying, kernel breakage, microbiological activity and insect attack ; also by the development of brown endosperms due to overheating either during fruit sterilisation or due to biological heating resulting from unsatisfactory storage conditions of both uncracked nuts and kernels. There are indications that the incidence of such quality deterioration will increase with increasing mechanisation of the industry in the producing territories unless care is taken. Ways in which the defects can be overcome are outlined. The development of brown endosperms is due to the Maillard reaction between free amino-groups of the proteins and sugars present in the kernels and results in the proteins being denatured. In severe browning, which produces oil-soluble melanoidins, there is evidence that these are produced from the reactions of protein amino-groups with a,P-unsaturated aldehydes resulting from the oxidative splitting of unsaturated fatty acids.

Effect of hydrochloric acid treatment of palm kernel for dehulling on the nutritional quality of kernel protein

“…The treated kernel was pearl white and its Ñour was free from dark particles compared to the dark brown colour of untreated samples. Cornelius (1966) has reported the presence of aÑatoxin (3È1488 ppb) in palm kernel meal, but no aÑatoxin was detected in B 1 our samples.…”

“…The palm kernel meal after oil extraction is generally used only as cattle feed and even for this it is inferior to other oilseed meals (Cornelius 1966(Cornelius , 1983Tang and Teoh 1985). This is probably because the kernel meal is obtained from undehulled palm kernel.…”

Insect Pest Spectrum of Stored Palm Kernel and the Damage Caused by Them

“…Nitrogen content as a measure of protein was estimated by the Kjeldahl method as described by Cornelius (1966). (ii) The oil from 20 g of palm kernels extracted in a soxhlet extraction thimble for 4\ hours using n-hexane as solvent.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Cardanol-Based Epoxy Systems

“…The structures of the side-chains of varying degrees of unsaturation occurring in the four major components of CNSL are identical. The components of cardanol are identified as 3-pentadecyl anisole, 3-(8 -pentadecenyl) anisole, 1-methoxy-3-(8 ,11 -pentadecadienyl) benzene and 1-methoxy-3-(8 ,11 ,14 -pentadecatrienyl)benzene [2,3].…”