Some Soybean Cultivars Have Ability to Induce Germination of Sunflower Broomrape

Abstract

Sunflower broomrape is a noxious parasitic weed which has caused severe damage to crop ecosystems. Trap crops can release a mixture of allelochemicals to induce the germination of sunflower broomrape. We studied the allelopathic effects of soybean on sunflower broomrape. Fourteen common soybean cultivars were grown in pots. Samples were collected from soybean plants and rhizosphere soil at five growth stages (V1, V3, V5, R2, and R4). The allelopathic effects of soybean reached highest at the V3 stage. Methanolic extracts of soybean roots induced higher broomrape germination than methanolic extracts of stems or leaves. The germination rates induced by root extracts (10-fold dilution) were positively correlated with germination rates induced by stem (10-fold dilution) and leaf extracts (10-fold dilution). The broomrape germination rates induced by root extracts were also positively correlated with soybean nodule diameter and dry weight. The results indicated that soybeans could induce sunflower broomrape germination. We conclude that soybean has the potential to be used as a trap crop for sunflower broomrape.

Which are major players, canonical or non-canonical strigolactones?

“…This in turn implies that soil microorganisms which have been exposed to these signaling molecules for 400 million years would utilize them as an energy source and modify them metabolically, in some cases, into more stable and active compounds like canonical SLs. Germination stimulation by rhizosphere soils would be due in part to these metabolites (Zhang et al , 2013). In addition, both canonical and non-canonical SLs and other short-lived rhizosphere signals would also be involved in plant–plant communications including self/non-self and kin-recognitions (Falik et al , 2003; Biedrzycki et al , 2014).…”

Recent research progress in combatting root parasitic weeds

“…Germination activities of rhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil extracts and plant extracts of soybean (Glycine max) and maize collected in pot and field experiments were evaluated, from the view point of using soybean and maize as trap crops for O. cumana in sunflower-producing areas. The results suggested that soybean and maize could induce O. cumana germination and that they could be used as trap crops to control the parasite [126,127]. Soybean cultivars with many root nodules may have a higher potential as trap crops to control O. cumana because the germination percentage of the parasite positively correlates with soybean nodule diameter and DW [127].…”

“…The results suggested that soybean and maize could induce O. cumana germination and that they could be used as trap crops to control the parasite [126,127]. Soybean cultivars with many root nodules may have a higher potential as trap crops to control O. cumana because the germination percentage of the parasite positively correlates with soybean nodule diameter and DW [127]. A compound from rye (Secale cereale) root exudates, ryecarbonitriline A, induced germination of O. cumana, suggesting that rye has potential as a trap crop in sunflower production because it is not a host of the parasite [128].…”

Recent advances in allelopathy for weed control: from knowledge to applications

“…This technique has been widely applied, specifically against Orobanche crenata and Phelipanche aegyptiaca . Soybean has the potential to be used as a trap crop prior to planting sunflower, and berseem clover, oat and fenugreek reduce the infection level of O. crenata against faba bean and peas. Furthermore, fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum‐graecum) was studied chemically by Evidente et al , who isolated a new monosubstituted trioxazonane named trigoxazonane.…”