Some quantum aspects of three-dimensional Einstein-Chern-Simons-Proca massive gravity

Abstract

Summary. -We present a 3-dimensional model for massive gravity with masses induced by topological (Chern-Simons) and Proca-like mass terms. Causality and unitarity are discussed at tree-level. Power-counting renormalizability is also contemplated.

Renormalization of Einstein gravity through a derivative-dependent field redefinition

“…Note that for m 2 , m 0 → ∞, D ξ=0 µνρσ reduces to the propagator of the Einstein theory. The conditions for unitarity at tree level can be determined from the current-current transition amplitude given by [49][50][51][52]…”

Aspects of degrees of freedom in higher derivative massive electromagnetic theories

“…The next step is to verify whether the real and unequal roots are all positive. It has been proved in [2,4,11] that for and the three distinct real roots of the equation (7) In order to analyze the absence or presence of the ghosts excitations we need to investigate the signs of the residues at each simple pole of the propagator. In the case of MTCSP model, not all residues have the same sign and therefore the MTCSP model is plagued by ghosts [4].…”

Massive gravity with mass term in three dimensions

“…The expression of the propagator (18) reveals that there are massive poles in the sector of spin 2 graviton modes, which is of form…”

“…In particular, we are interested in the question whether or not the presence of the gravitational Chern-Simons term could rectify the impossibility of adding the Pauli-Fierz mass term to the new massive gravity model. Actually, it has been already pointed out that in the case of the topological massive gravity with the Pauli-Fierz mass term, there is a parameter region where ghosts and tachyons are simultaneously excluded and we have three massive (not tachyonic) excitations with positive norm [18,19]. The most general action which includes three mass-generating terms is given by…”